Willingness and ability to pay for physician services in six Central and Eastern European countries.

Patient charges for physician services are implemented in high-income countries and often are considered in the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). However, there is no evidence on the potential consumption effects of service charges in these countries. This study provides evidence on the potential impact of patient charges on the consumption of specialized physician services in six CEE countries: Bulgaria, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and Ukraine. We apply a semi-parametric survival analysis to stated willingness and ability to pay (WATP) in order to identify potential demand pools and their price, income and age semi-elasticity. Data are collected through a survey held in 2010 among representative samples of about 1000 respondents in each country. Our results suggest that median WATP in the studied countries is comparable to the cost of the services. The obtained demand pools appear to be theoretically valid and externally consistent. They provide information on the shares of population that would be WATP certain fee levels, and their heterogeneity across socio-demographic groups gives an idea about the population groups that will need to be exempted.