The Vitreous, Retina, Macula Consultants of New York, New York, New York; LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, New York.
The Vitreous, Retina, Macula Consultants of New York, New York, New York; LuEsther T. Mertz Retinal Research Center, Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital, New York, New York; Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2014 Jul;158(1):171-178.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2014.03.003. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
To describe the features of an artifact on near-infrared reflectance and MultiColor imaging, termed "ghost maculopathy," and to illustrate how it may masquerade as true chorioretinal pathology.
This was a retrospective, observational case series.
The authors studied 144 eyes of 72 consecutive patients in a vitreoretinal clinical practice, reviewing multimodal imaging including color and red-free fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), near-infrared reflectance, MultiColor imaging, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT).
In 36 of 144 eyes (25%), there was an appearance of a hyper-reflective spot on near-infrared reflectance and MultiColor imaging, located at the macula, nasal or superonasal to the fovea, which did not correspond to any apparent lesion on color and red-free fundus photography, FAF, or SD OCT. This spot was termed the "ghost image" in this phenomenon of "ghost maculopathy." The ghost image was present consistently on near-infrared reflectance and MultiColor imaging in all 36 eyes at every imaging encounter, showing minimal and subtle variability in its shape and location within each eye; however, it showed large interindividual variability in size, shape, location, and reflectivity between different eyes. Nine eyes were found to have a similar hyper-reflective spot resembling that in ghost maculopathy, but corresponding SD OCT images were consistent with diagnoses of choroidal nevus, age-related macular degeneration, and multifocal choroiditis. All eyes with ghost maculopathy were found to be pseudophakic with a posterior chamber intraocular lens.
Ghost maculopathy is the phenomenon of an imaging artifact appearing at the macula on near-infrared reflectance and MultiColor imaging that occurs predominantly in pseudophakic patients and may be mistaken for true chorioretinal pathology. Awareness of this artifact is prudent to avoid misinterpretation of clinical findings and possible unnecessary over-investigation.
描述一种被称为“幽灵样黄斑病变”的近红外反射和多光谱成像artifact 的特征，并说明其如何伪装成真的脉络膜视网膜病变。
这是一项回顾性、观察性的病例系列研究。
作者研究了玻璃体视网膜临床实践中连续 72 例患者的 144 只眼，回顾了多模态成像，包括彩色和无赤光眼底照相、眼底自发荧光（FAF）、近红外反射、多光谱成像和光谱域光学相干断层扫描（SD OCT）。
在 144 只眼中的 36 只（25%），近红外反射和多光谱成像上出现黄斑区、黄斑鼻侧或上颞侧的一个高反射斑点，与彩色和无赤光眼底照相、FAF 或 SD OCT 上的任何明显病变均不对应。在这种“幽灵样黄斑病变”现象中，该斑点被称为“幽灵图像”。在所有 36 只眼中，该幽灵图像在每次成像时均在近红外反射和多光谱成像上一致出现，其形状和位置在每只眼中变化极小且微妙；然而，不同眼中其大小、形状、位置和反射率存在较大的个体间变异性。有 9 只眼出现类似的高反射斑点，类似于幽灵样黄斑病变，但相应的 SD OCT 图像与脉络膜痣、年龄相关性黄斑变性和多灶性脉络膜炎的诊断一致。所有有幽灵样黄斑病变的眼均被发现为后房型人工晶状体白内障。
幽灵样黄斑病变是一种在近红外反射和多光谱成像上出现在黄斑区的成像 artifact 现象，主要发生在白内障患者中，可能被误认为是真的脉络膜视网膜病变。了解这种 artifact 有助于避免对临床发现的误解和可能的不必要的过度检查。
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