Rehabilitation Research Institute, BIOMED-Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
Rehabilitation Research Institute, BIOMED-Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014 Jun;95(6):1184-200. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.02.023. Epub 2014 Mar 13.
To provide an overview of applied upper limb outcome measures in multiple sclerosis (MS) according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) levels and to review their psychometric properties in MS.
PubMed and Web of Knowledge.
Articles published until June 2013 were selected when written in English, published in the last 25 years, peer reviewed, including >5 persons with MS, and including standardized clinical upper limb outcome measures. Included articles were screened based on title/abstract and full text by 2 independent reviewers. In case of doubt, feedback from a third independent reviewer was obtained. Additionally, references lists were checked for relevant articles. Of the articles, 109 met the selection criteria and were included for data extraction.
All reported clinical upper limb outcome measures were extracted from the included studies and classified according to the ICF levels by 2 independent reviewers. In addition, available psychometric properties (reliability, validity, responsiveness) in MS were summarized and discussed.
A diversity of outcome measures assessing impairments on the body functions and structures level (n=33), upper limb capacity (n=11), and performance (n=8) on the activity level were extracted from 109 articles. Hand grip strength and the nine-hole peg test (NHPT) were the most frequently used outcome measures. However, multiple outcome measures are necessary to encapsulate the multidimensional character of the upper limb function. The psychometric properties were insufficiently documented for most of the outcome measures, except for the NHPT.
The results of this review may help with the selection of appropriate outcome measures and may guide future research regarding the psychometric properties in MS.
根据国际功能、残疾和健康分类（ICF）水平，提供多发性硬化症（MS）中应用上肢结果测量的概述，并综述其在 MS 中的心理测量特性。
PubMed 和 Web of Knowledge。
选择了截至 2013 年 6 月发表的英文文章，发表时间在过去 25 年，同行评审，包括>5 名 MS 患者，并包括标准化的临床上肢结果测量。纳入的文章基于标题/摘要和全文由 2 名独立审查员进行筛选。如有疑问，将获得第 3 名独立审查员的反馈。此外，还检查了参考文献列表中是否有相关文章。在这些文章中，有 109 篇符合选择标准，并纳入进行数据提取。
从纳入的研究中提取了所有报告的临床上肢结果测量，并由 2 名独立审查员根据 ICF 水平进行分类。此外，还总结和讨论了在 MS 中可用的心理测量特性（可靠性、有效性、反应性）。
从 109 篇文章中提取了 33 项评估身体功能和结构水平损伤、11 项上肢能力和 8 项活动水平表现的结果测量。手握力和 9 孔钉测试（NHPT）是最常用的结果测量。然而，除了 NHPT 外，大多数结果测量的心理测量特性都没有得到充分记录，需要使用多种结果测量来概括上肢功能的多维特征。
本综述的结果可能有助于选择适当的结果测量，并指导未来关于 MS 中心理测量特性的研究。
