Emergencies Science and Technology Section (ESTS), EOALRSD, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada (EC), 335 River Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Emergencies Science and Technology Section (ESTS), EOALRSD, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada (EC), 335 River Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
J Hazard Mater. 2014 Apr 30;271:166-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.02.021. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
To facilitate monitoring efforts, a forensic chemical fingerprinting methodology has been applied to characterize and differentiate pyrogenic (combustion derived) and biogenic (organism derived) hydrocarbons from petrogenic (petroleum derived) hydrocarbons in environmental samples from the Canadian oil sands region. Between 2009 and 2012, hundreds of oil sands environmental samples including water (snowmelt water, river water, and tailings pond water) and sediments (from river beds and tailings ponds) have been analyzed. These samples were taken from sites where assessments of wild fish health, invertebrate communities, toxicology and detailed chemistry are being conducted as part of the Canada-Alberta Joint Oil Sands Monitoring Plan (JOSMP). This study describes the distribution patterns and potential sources of PAHs from these integrated JOSMP study sites, and findings will be linked to responses in laboratory bioassays and in wild organisms collected from these same sites. It was determined that hydrocarbons in Athabasca River sediments and waters were most likely from four sources: (1) petrogenic heavy oil sands bitumen; (2) biogenic compounds; (3) petrogenic hydrocarbons of other lighter fuel oils; and (4) pyrogenic PAHs. PAHs and biomarkers detected in snowmelt water samples collected near mining operations imply that these materials are derived from oil sands particulates (from open pit mines, stacks and coke piles).
为了便于监测工作，本研究应用法医化学指纹识别方法，对来自加拿大油砂地区的环境样本中的源自热成因（燃烧源）和生物成因（生物体源）的烃与源自石油成因（石油源）的烃进行了特征描述和区分。2009 年至 2012 年间，分析了数百个油砂环境样本，包括水（融雪水、河水和尾矿池水）和沉积物（来自河床和尾矿池）。这些样本取自正在进行野生鱼类健康、无脊椎动物群落、毒理学和详细化学评估的地点，这是作为加拿大-艾伯塔联合油砂监测计划（JOSMP）的一部分。本研究描述了这些综合 JOSMP 研究地点的多环芳烃的分布模式和潜在来源，研究结果将与来自这些相同地点的实验室生物测定和野生生物的反应联系起来。研究结果表明，阿萨巴斯卡河沉积物和水域中的烃最有可能来自四个来源：（1）源自石油成因的重油砂沥青；（2）生物成因化合物；（3）源自其他较轻燃料油的石油成因烃；（4）源自热成因的多环芳烃。在采矿作业附近采集的融雪水样中检测到的多环芳烃和生物标志物表明，这些物质源自油砂颗粒（露天矿、烟囱和焦炭堆）。
