Radulović Niko S, Đorđević Miljana R
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia, (phone: +381-628049210; fax: +381-18533014).
Chem Biodivers. 2014 Mar;11(3):427-37. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.201300323.
Helianthus tuberosus L. (Jerusalem artichoke) is cultivated in Europe and other parts of the world as a food crop and ornamental plant. The volatile oils of the aerial parts of H. tuberosus were investigated more than 30 years ago, but no study could be found to date on the constituents of the tuber essential oil. Herein, the first characterization by GC-FID, GC/MS, and (13) C-NMR analyses of a hydrodistilled essential oil of Jerusalem artichoke tubers was reported. Fresh plant material collected in Serbia (Sample A) and a commercial sample (Sample B) yielded only small amounts of oil (0.0014 and 0.0021% (w/w), resp.). In total, 195 constituents were identified, representing 88.2 and 93.6% of the oil compositions for Samples A and B, respectively. The main constituents identified were β-bisabolene (1; 22.9-30.5%), undecanal (0-12.7%), α-pinene (7.6-0.8%), kauran-16-ol (2; 6.9-9.8%), 2-pentylfuran (0.0-5.7%), and (E)-tetradec-2-enal (0.0-4.9%). Several rare compounds characteristic for Helianthus ssp. were also detected: helianthol A (6; 2.1-1.9%), dihydroeuparin (10; 0.0-2.3%), euparin (9; 0.0-0.4%), desmethoxyencecalin (7; traces - 0.2%), desmethylencecalin (8; 0.0-0.4%), and an isomer of desmethylencecalin (0.0%-traces). The essential oils isolated from the tuber and the aerial parts share the common major component 1.
菊芋（Helianthus tuberosus L.）作为一种粮食作物和观赏植物在欧洲及世界其他地区种植。30多年前就对菊芋地上部分的挥发油进行了研究，但迄今为止尚未发现有关块茎精油成分的研究。本文报道了首次通过气相色谱 - 氢火焰离子化检测器（GC - FID）、气相色谱/质谱联用（GC/MS）和碳 - 13核磁共振（¹³C - NMR）分析对菊芋块茎水蒸馏精油进行的表征。在塞尔维亚采集的新鲜植物材料（样品A）和一个商业样品（样品B）仅产生少量精油（分别为0.0014%和0.0021%（w/w））。总共鉴定出195种成分，分别占样品A和B油成分的88.2%和93.6%。鉴定出的主要成分是β - 红没药烯（1；22.9 - 30.5%）、十一醛（0 - 12.7%）、α - 蒎烯（7.6 - 0.8%）、贝壳杉 - 16 - 醇（2；6.9 - 9.8%）、2 - 戊基呋喃（0.0 - 5.7%）和（E） - 十四碳 - 2 - 烯醛（0.0 - 4.9%）。还检测到几种菊芋属特有的稀有化合物：向日葵醇A（6；2.1 - 1.9%）、二氢欧芹素（10；0.0 - 2.3%）、欧芹素（9；0.0 - 0.4%）、去甲氧基恩卡灵（7；痕量 - 0.2%）、去甲基恩卡灵（8；0.0 - 0.4%）以及去甲基恩卡灵的一种异构体（0.0% - 痕量）。从块茎和地上部分分离出的精油共有共同主要成分1。
