Cieślik Ewa, Gębusia Agnieszka, Florkiewicz Adam, Mickowska Barbara
Department of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Cracow, Poland.
Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment. 2011 Oct-Dec;10(4):433-41.
Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is grown primarily for its edible tubers, which were first cultivated by native Americans before the arrival of the Europeans. Unlike most tubers, but in common with other members of the Asteraceae, the tubers store fructans instead of starch. Fructans are non-digestible carbohydrates considered functional food ingredients because they affect body processes in ways that result in better health and in many diseases prevention. However, the Jerusalem artichoke deserves attention not only because of the content of fructans, recent studies also indicate a high protein content, including essential amino acids.
The aim of the work was to establish the content of protein and amino acids in Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Helianthus tuberosus L.) of red variety--Rote Zonenkugel. The content of protein was estimated by Dumas method. The amino acids composition was analysed with ion-change chromatography with postcolumn derivatisation and detection of ninhydryn reaction with automatic amino acids analyser.
The assessed liophylisate was characterised by high protein content (6.36%) in comparison to chicory (which is the main industrial source of fructans) and to commonly consumed potatoes. There was shown a few times higher content of essential amino acids (also of methionine) in comparison to chicory and potato. The examined essential amino acids were present in very advantagenous proportions.
In Jerusalem artichoke tubers of Rote Zonenkugel variety of the high content of protein was established in comparison to other plant sources. The high content was found of amino acids with special stress on essential amino acids (esp. sulphur ones).
菊芋（Helianthus tuberosus L.）主要因其可食用块茎而种植，在欧洲人到来之前，美洲原住民就已开始种植菊芋。与大多数块茎不同，但与菊科的其他成员一样，菊芋块茎储存的是果聚糖而非淀粉。果聚糖是不可消化的碳水化合物，被视为功能性食品成分，因为它们以有助于改善健康和预防多种疾病的方式影响身体机能。然而，菊芋值得关注不仅是因为其果聚糖含量，最近的研究还表明其蛋白质含量很高，包括必需氨基酸。
本研究的目的是测定红色品种——Rote Zonenkugel的菊芋（Helianthus tuberosus L.）块茎中的蛋白质和氨基酸含量。蛋白质含量通过杜马斯法估算。氨基酸组成采用柱后衍生离子交换色谱法，并用自动氨基酸分析仪检测茚三酮反应进行分析。
与菊苣（果聚糖的主要工业来源）和常见食用的土豆相比，所评估的冻干物具有高蛋白含量（6.36%）。与菊苣和土豆相比，必需氨基酸（包括蛋氨酸）的含量高出数倍。所检测的必需氨基酸比例非常有利。
与其他植物来源相比，已确定Rote Zonenkugel品种的菊芋块茎蛋白质含量很高。发现氨基酸含量很高，尤其是必需氨基酸（特别是含硫氨基酸）。
