Rokkas Philippa, Cornell Victoria, Steenkamp Malinda
Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Nurs Health Sci. 2014 Mar;16(1):60-6. doi: 10.1111/nhs.12134.
To date, Australia has not had to respond to a nationwide catastrophic event. However, over the past decade, heat waves, bushfires, cyclones, and floods have significantly challenged Australia's disaster preparedness and the surge capacity of local and regional health systems. Given that disaster events are predicted to increase in impact and frequency, the health workforce needs to be prepared for and able to respond effectively to a disaster. To be effective, nurses must be clear regarding their role in a disaster and be able to articulate the value and relevance of this role to communities and the professionals they work with. Since almost all disasters will exert some impact on public health, it is expedient to prepare the public health nursing workforce within Australia. This paper highlights issues currently facing disaster nursing and focuses on the challenges for Australian public health nurses responding to and preparing for disasters within Australia. The paper specifically addresses public health nurses' awareness regarding their roles in disaster preparation and response, given their unique skills and central position in public health.
迄今为止，澳大利亚尚未应对过全国性的灾难性事件。然而，在过去十年中，热浪、丛林大火、气旋和洪水给澳大利亚的灾难准备工作以及地方和区域卫生系统的应急能力带来了巨大挑战。鉴于预计灾难事件的影响和频率将会增加，卫生工作者需要做好准备并能够有效应对灾难。为了发挥有效作用，护士必须清楚自己在灾难中的角色，并能够向社区以及与其共事的专业人员阐明这一角色的价值和相关性。由于几乎所有灾难都会对公共卫生产生一定影响，因此在澳大利亚做好公共卫生护理人员的准备工作很有必要。本文重点介绍了灾难护理目前面临的问题，并聚焦于澳大利亚公共卫生护士在应对和准备澳大利亚境内灾难时所面临的挑战。鉴于公共卫生护士在公共卫生方面的独特技能和核心地位，本文特别探讨了他们对自身在灾难准备和应对中角色的认识。
