Hu Tao, Du Qingyun, Ren Fu, Liang Shi, Lin Denan, Li Jiajia, Chen Yan
School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
Shenzhen Center for Health Information, Renmin Road North 2210, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518001, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Mar 14;11(3):3143-55. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110303143.
Hepatoma associated with hepatitis B infection is a major public health problem in Shenzhen (China) and worldwide. China has the largest number of people infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV), and many studies have demonstrated that HBV infection is associated with hepatoma development. Shenzhen officials have been attempting to monitor and control these diseases for many years. The methodology and the results of this study may be useful in developing a system to monitor, prevent and control these diseases.
The aim of the study was to analyze HBV infection and hepatoma distribution characteristics and patterns in Shenzhen by combining geographic information system (GIS) technology and spatial analysis. The study used data from patients at the district level from the 2010-2012 population censuses.
Only one-third of the patients were female, and 70.7% of all cases were 20-50 years of age. There was no global spatial correlation of the distribution of hepatitis B infections and hepatomas; however, there was a local spatial correlation, and certain sub-districts of the Nanshan district had significant agglomeration effects. Based on incidence density and rate maps, we can conclude that the Shenzhen special zone had a higher incidence density and rate of hepatitis B infections and hepatomas compared with the area outside of the Shenzhen special zone during 2010-2012.
This study demonstrated substantial geographic variation in the incidence of hepatitis B infection and hepatoma in Shenzhen. The prediction and control of hepatitis B infections and hepatoma development and interventions for these diseases should focus on disadvantaged areas to reduce disparities. GIS and spatial analysis play an important role in public health risk-reduction programs and may become integral components in the epidemiologic description, analysis and risk assessment of hepatitis B and hepatoma.
与乙型肝炎感染相关的肝癌是中国深圳乃至全球的一个重大公共卫生问题。中国是乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染人数最多的国家，许多研究表明HBV感染与肝癌的发生有关。多年来，深圳有关部门一直在努力监测和控制这些疾病。本研究的方法和结果可能有助于建立一个监测、预防和控制这些疾病的系统。
本研究旨在通过结合地理信息系统（GIS）技术和空间分析，分析深圳HBV感染和肝癌的分布特征及模式。研究使用了2010 - 2012年人口普查区级患者的数据。
仅三分之一的患者为女性，所有病例的70.7%年龄在20 - 50岁之间。乙型肝炎感染和肝癌的分布不存在全局空间相关性；然而，存在局部空间相关性，南山区的某些街道有显著的集聚效应。根据发病密度和发病率地图，我们可以得出结论，2010 - 2012年期间，深圳特区的乙型肝炎感染和肝癌的发病密度和发病率高于深圳特区以外的地区。
本研究表明深圳乙型肝炎感染和肝癌的发病率存在显著的地理差异。乙型肝炎感染和肝癌发生的预测、控制以及针对这些疾病的干预措施应侧重于弱势群体以减少差距。GIS和空间分析在降低公共卫生风险计划中发挥着重要作用，可能成为乙型肝炎和肝癌流行病学描述、分析及风险评估中不可或缺的组成部分。
