工作中的社会心理因素与病假：来自法国全国 SUMER 调查的结果。
Psychosocial factors at work and sickness absence: results from the French national SUMER survey.
机构信息
INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Social Epidemiology, F-75013, Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Social Epidemiology, F-75013, Paris, France.
出版信息
Am J Ind Med. 2014 Jun;57(6):695-708. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22317. Epub 2014 Mar 17.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims at exploring the associations between psychosocial work factors and sickness absence.
METHODS
The sample from the French National Survey SUMER 2010 included 46,962 employees. Sickness absence spells and days within the last year were studied as two outcomes. Psychosocial work factors included psychological demands, decision latitude, social support, reward, working time, and workplace violence variables. Covariates were age, occupation, economic activity, and other occupational exposures.
RESULTS
For both genders, low latitude, low reward, shift work, bullying, and verbal abuse were risk factors of absence spells while long working hours were a protective factor. High demands, low support, and physical violence were risk factors for women. Low support and bullying for both genders, high demands for women, and low reward, long working hours, and physical violence for men increased absence duration.
CONCLUSIONS
This study highlights the importance of psychosocial work factors as risk factors of sickness absence.
目的
本研究旨在探讨心理社会工作因素与病假缺勤之间的关联。
方法
本研究的样本来自法国 2010 年全国调查 SUMER，共包括 46962 名员工。病假缺勤天数和过去一年的缺勤天数被作为两个结果进行研究。心理社会工作因素包括心理需求、决策自由度、社会支持、奖励、工作时间和工作场所暴力变量。协变量包括年龄、职业、经济活动和其他职业暴露。
结果
对于男性和女性来说，低决策自由度、低奖励、轮班工作、欺凌和言语虐待都是缺勤天数的危险因素，而长时间工作则是保护性因素。高需求、低支持和身体暴力是女性缺勤的危险因素。低支持和欺凌对男女都有影响，而女性的高需求、男性的低奖励、长时间工作和身体暴力则增加了缺勤时间。
结论
本研究强调了心理社会工作因素作为病假缺勤风险因素的重要性。
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