Saban Amina, Flisher Alan, Laubscher Ria, London Leslie, Morojele Neo
Adolescent Health and Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa ; School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Adolescent Health and Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa ; Deceased.
Pan Afr Med J. 2014 Jan 18;17 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):8. doi: 10.11694/pamj.supp.2014.17.1.3044. eCollection 2014.
Evidence suggests that comorbid psychopathology can negatively affect treatment outcomes in substance users. In South Africa, limited information exists regarding the prevalence, nature and role of psychiatric comorbidity in substance users. This study examined psychiatric comorbidity and its association with specific substance use, and young adult substance users in treatment for substance use.
Male and female inpatient substance users (n=95; ages 17-30 years) were sampled consecutively in order of admission from three clinics in Cape Town. An interview schedule was administered to elicit patients' sociodemographic and substance use history details. The computer-assisted Diagnostic Interview Schedule DSM IV (C-DIS IV) was administered to screen patients for current psychiatric disorders.
The sample was largely male, Coloured, Muslim and single. Cannabis (51.6%) and crystal methamphetamine (17.9%) were the most common first substances of use. Heroin (53.7%) and crystal methamphetamine (33.7%) were the most common substances for which treatment was sought (primary substances). The most common comorbid psychopathologies were anti-social personality disorder (ASPD 87.4%) and conduct disorder (CD 67.4%). Regression analyses showed a marginally significant association between specific phobia and first use of cannabis, but indicated no statistically significant associations between psychopathology and substance use.
The results demonstrated a high proportion of previously unidentified comorbid psychopathology in inpatient substance users. Further research is needed to investigate psychiatric comorbidity in inpatient substance users.
有证据表明，共病精神病理学可能会对药物使用者的治疗结果产生负面影响。在南非，关于药物使用者中精神疾病共病的患病率、性质和作用的信息有限。本研究调查了精神疾病共病及其与特定药物使用的关联，以及接受药物使用治疗的年轻成年药物使用者。
从开普敦的三家诊所按入院顺序连续抽取男性和女性住院药物使用者（n = 95；年龄17 - 30岁）。采用访谈提纲获取患者的社会人口统计学和药物使用史细节。使用计算机辅助诊断访谈量表DSM-IV（C-DIS IV）对患者进行筛查，以确定当前的精神疾病。
样本主要为男性、有色人种、穆斯林且未婚。大麻（51.6%）和冰毒（17.9%）是最常见的首次使用药物。海洛因（53.7%）和冰毒（33.7%）是寻求治疗的最常见药物（主要药物）。最常见的共病精神病理是反社会人格障碍（ASPD 87.4%）和品行障碍（CD 67.4%）。回归分析显示特定恐惧症与首次使用大麻之间存在微弱的显著关联，但表明精神病理与药物使用之间无统计学显著关联。
结果表明住院药物使用者中存在高比例先前未被识别的共病精神病理。需要进一步研究来调查住院药物使用者中的精神疾病共病情况。
