Dhouailly D, Xu C, Manabe M, Schermer A, Sun T T
Department of Dermatology, New York University Medical School, New York 10016.
Exp Cell Res. 1989 Mar;181(1):141-58. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(89)90189-4.
The dorsal surfaces of mammalian tongues are covered with numerous projections known as filiform papillae whose morphology varies in different species. Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies to keratins as probes, we have established that, in both human and mouse, the interpapillary epithelia express mainly the "esophageal-type" keratins, while the papillary epithelia express "skin-type" keratins as well as some keratins reacting with a monoclonal antibody (AE13) to hair keratins. The AE13-reactive proteins of the mouse were found to be very similar to those of authentic mouse hair keratins. However, the corresponding protein of human tongue appears to be different from all known human keratins. This protein has a MW of 51K; it is relatively acidic; it is sulfhydryl-rich, as revealed by iodoacetic acid-induced charge and apparent size shift; it shares an epitope with all the known acidic human hair keratins; and it is associated with keratin fibrils in vivo. This protein may therefore be regarded as a novel type I "hard" keratin. These data establish that mammalian dorsal tongue epithelia can be divided into at least three compartments that undergo mainly "esophageal-", "skin-" and "hair"-types of differentiation. Different keratin filaments, e.g., those of the esophageal- and hair-types, exhibit strikingly different degrees of lateral aggregation, which can potentially account for the different physical strength and rigidity of various cellular compartments. Our data also suggest the possibility that variations in papillary structure in human and mouse may arise from different spatial arrangements of specific keratinocytes, and/or from the expression of specialized hair-related keratins.
哺乳动物舌头的背面覆盖着许多被称为丝状乳头的突起，其形态在不同物种中有所不同。我们使用一组针对角蛋白的单克隆抗体作为探针，发现在人类和小鼠中，乳头间上皮主要表达“食管型”角蛋白，而乳头上皮则表达“皮肤型”角蛋白以及一些能与针对毛发角蛋白的单克隆抗体（AE13）发生反应的角蛋白。发现小鼠中与AE13反应的蛋白与真正的小鼠毛发角蛋白非常相似。然而，人类舌头的相应蛋白似乎与所有已知的人类角蛋白都不同。这种蛋白的分子量为51K；相对呈酸性；富含巯基，这通过碘乙酸诱导的电荷和表观大小变化得以揭示；它与所有已知的酸性人类毛发角蛋白共享一个表位；并且在体内与角蛋白原纤维相关联。因此，这种蛋白可被视为一种新型的I型“硬”角蛋白。这些数据表明，哺乳动物舌头背面的上皮细胞可至少分为三个主要经历“食管型”、“皮肤型”和“毛发型”分化的区域。不同的角蛋白丝，例如食管型和毛发型的角蛋白丝，表现出截然不同的侧向聚集程度，这可能潜在地解释了各个细胞区域不同的物理强度和刚性。我们的数据还表明，人类和小鼠乳头结构的差异可能源于特定角质形成细胞的不同空间排列，和/或源于与毛发相关的特殊角蛋白的表达。
