Mårtensson G, Jacobsson J W, Engström M
Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, University of Gävle, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden.
J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2014;21(9):782-8. doi: 10.1111/jpm.12145. Epub 2014 Mar 21.
Employer/workplaces have an impact on mental health nursing staff's general attitudes towards persons with mental illness. Staff have more positive attitudes if their knowledge about mental illness is less stigmatized and currently have or have once had a close friend with mental problem. More favourable attitudes among staff towards persons with mental illness could be developed and transmitted in the subculture at work places. There is growing awareness that mental illness is surrounded by negative attitudes and stigmas. The aim of the present study was to investigate factors associated with mental health nursing staff's attitudes towards persons with mental illness. Data were collected from 256 mental health nursing staff employed by one county council and 10 municipalities. The findings show that staff have more positive attitudes towards persons with mental illness if their knowledge about mental illness is less stigmatized, their work places are in the county council, and they currently have or have once had a close friend with mental health problems. The multiple regression model explained 16% of the variance; stigma-related knowledge and employer had significant Beta-coefficients. To account for unknown correlations in data, a linear generalized estimating equation was performed. In this model, stigma-related knowledge and employer remained significant, but a new significant factor also emerged: personal contact, i.e. currently having or having once had a close friend with mental health problems. This indicates correlations at unit level in the county council and in the municipalities. The conclusion is that more favourable attitudes among staff towards persons with mental illness could be developed and transmitted in the subculture at work places.
雇主/工作场所会影响精神科护理人员对患有精神疾病者的总体态度。如果护理人员对精神疾病的认知较少受到污名化影响，并且目前有或曾经有过患有精神问题的亲密朋友，那么他们会持有更积极的态度。工作场所亚文化中可以培养并传播护理人员对患有精神疾病者更有利的态度。人们越来越意识到精神疾病被负面态度和污名所包围。本研究的目的是调查与精神科护理人员对患有精神疾病者的态度相关的因素。数据收集自一个县议会和10个市雇佣的256名精神科护理人员。研究结果表明，如果护理人员对精神疾病的认知较少受到污名化影响、工作场所在县议会，并且目前有或曾经有过患有精神健康问题的亲密朋友，那么他们对患有精神疾病者会持有更积极的态度。多元回归模型解释了16%的方差变异；与污名相关的知识和雇主具有显著的β系数。为了考虑数据中未知的相关性，进行了线性广义估计方程分析。在这个模型中，与污名相关的知识和雇主仍然具有显著性，但还出现了一个新的显著因素：个人接触，即目前有或曾经有过患有精神健康问题的亲密朋友。这表明在县议会和各市的单位层面存在相关性。结论是，工作场所亚文化中可以培养并传播护理人员对患有精神疾病者更有利的态度。
