Guerra-Tapia A, Gonzalez-Guerra E
Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
Departamento de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014 Nov;105(9):833-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2014.02.004. Epub 2014 Mar 20.
Hair plays a significant role in body image, and its appearance can be changed relatively easily without resort to surgical procedures. Cosmetics and techniques have therefore been used to change hair appearance since time immemorial. The cosmetics industry has developed efficient products that can be used on healthy hair or act on concomitant diseases of the hair and scalp. Dyes embellish the hair by bleaching or coloring it briefly, for temporary periods of longer duration, or permanently, depending on the composition of a dye (oxidative or nonoxidative) and its degree of penetration of the hair shaft. The dermatologist's knowledge of dyes, their use, and their possible side effects (contact eczema, cancer, increased porosity, brittleness) can extend to an understanding of cosmetic resources that also treat hair and scalp conditions.
头发在身体形象中起着重要作用，而且无需借助外科手术就能相对轻松地改变其外观。因此，自古以来人们就使用化妆品和技术来改变头发外观。化妆品行业已研发出高效产品，这些产品可用于健康头发，或作用于头发及头皮的相关疾病。染发剂可通过漂白、短暂染色（持续时间较短或较长）或永久染色来美化头发，这取决于染发剂的成分（氧化型或非氧化型）及其对发干的渗透程度。皮肤科医生对染发剂、其用途及其可能的副作用（接触性湿疹、癌症、孔隙率增加、变脆）的了解，可延伸至对同样能治疗头发和头皮状况的美容产品的认识。
