He Yongyu, Cao Yu, Nie Binji, Wang Junpu
Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 May 18;10:1139607. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1139607. eCollection 2023.
With the rapid growth of beauty and personal care industries, many hair-relevant products, hair dyes and hair perms in particular, are increasingly prevalent in both women and men, regardless of being young or old as they frequently change hair color or shape to enhance youthfulness and beauty and to follow fashion trends. Hair dyes and perms alter hair color and/or shape by mechanically changing the physical structure and chemical substances of the hair shaft. However, treatment of hair with chemical formulations has been potentially ascribed to adverse outcomes in the hair shaft including structure damage, chemical constituent disorder, and impaired physical properties, although hair cosmetics procedures are intrinsically safe. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of impairment in the hair shaft and scalp induced by hair dyeing and perming remain elusive. Additionally, adverse reactions activated by exposure to specific chemical ingredients including skin irritation, allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), and even cancer risk have been reported clinically, but existing evidence is not consistent enough in the case of human studies. Herein, the review aims to give an overview of hair cosmetics, especially concerning the basic knowledge about various hair dyes and perms, the consequences for hair shafts and the scalp resulting from the application of hair cosmetics mentioned above, mechanisms of hazardous outcomes, and potential desirable interventions to alleviate the impairment.
随着美容和个人护理行业的迅速发展，许多与头发相关的产品，特别是染发剂和烫发剂，在女性和男性中越来越普遍，无论年龄大小，因为他们经常改变头发颜色或形状以提升青春感和美感，并紧跟时尚潮流。染发剂和烫发剂通过机械改变发干的物理结构和化学物质来改变头发颜色和/或形状。然而，尽管头发化妆品程序本质上是安全的，但用化学配方处理头发可能会导致发干出现不良后果，包括结构损伤、化学成分紊乱和物理性能受损。尽管如此，染发和烫发对发干和头皮造成损伤的机制仍不清楚。此外，临床上已有报告称，接触特定化学成分会引发不良反应，包括皮肤刺激、过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD），甚至癌症风险，但在人体研究中，现有证据并不足够一致。在此，本综述旨在概述头发化妆品，特别是关于各种染发剂和烫发剂的基本知识、上述头发化妆品应用对发干和头皮的影响、有害后果的机制，以及减轻损伤的潜在理想干预措施。
