Martínez-Castelao Alberto, Górriz José L, Segura-de la Morena Julián, Cebollada Jesús, Escalada Javier, Esmatjes Enric, Fácila Lorenzo, Gamarra Javier, Gràcia Silvia, Hernánd-Moreno Julio, Llisterri-Caro José L, Mazón Pilar, Montañés Rosario, Morales-Olivas Francisco, Muñoz-Torres Manuel, de Pablos-Velasco Pedro, de Santiago Ana, Sánchez-Celaya Marta, Suárez Carmen, Tranche Salvador
Nefrologia. 2014;34(2):243-62. doi: 10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2014.Feb.12455.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem that, in its different stages, may affect up to 10% of the Spanish population and results in high morbidity and mortality, as well as high consumption of National Health System resources. Ten scientific societies involved in the management of kidney patients agreed to update the 2007 CKD consensus document. The current version is an abridged edition of the detailed general document, which can be consulted on the webpages of each signatory society. It includes the following aspects: CKD definition, epidemiology and risk factors and criteria on diagnosis, assessment and staging of CKD, albuminuria and glomerular filtration estimation. Progression factors and concept. Criteria for referral to Nephrology. Patient follow-up, attitudes and objectives by specialty. Prevention of nephrotoxicity. Detection of cardiovascular damage. Attitudes, lifestyle and treatment: management of high blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, smoking, obesity, hyperuricaemia, anaemia and mineral and bone metabolism disorders. Coordinated follow-up by Primary Care – other specialties – Nephrology. Management of renal replacement therapy, haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and renal transplantation patients. Palliative treatment of terminal uraemia. We hope that this document will be very useful in the multidisciplinary management of CKD patients, in view of the updated recommendations.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一个重大的公共卫生问题，在其不同阶段，可能影响多达10%的西班牙人口，并导致高发病率和死亡率，以及国家卫生系统资源的高消耗。十个参与肾脏疾病患者管理的科学学会同意更新2007年的CKD共识文件。当前版本是详细通用文件的精简版，可在各签署学会的网页上查阅。它包括以下方面：CKD的定义、流行病学和危险因素，以及CKD诊断、评估和分期、蛋白尿和肾小球滤过率估计的标准。进展因素和概念。转诊至肾脏病科的标准。患者随访、各专科的态度和目标。肾毒性的预防。心血管损伤的检测。态度、生活方式和治疗：高血压、血脂异常、高血糖、吸烟、肥胖、高尿酸血症、贫血以及矿物质和骨代谢紊乱的管理。初级保健——其他专科——肾脏病科的协调随访。肾脏替代治疗、血液透析、腹膜透析和肾移植患者的管理。终末期尿毒症的姑息治疗。鉴于这些更新后的建议，我们希望本文档在CKD患者的多学科管理中非常有用。
