Cambon Laurent, Yzerbyt Vincent, Yakimova Sonya
Psychology Department, Nice-Sophia Antipolis University, France.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2015 Mar;54(1):140-58. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12067. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
Recent work in intergroup relations stresses the role of two fundamental dimensions, competence and warmth, which organize the perception of social groups. A pattern often encountered in people's ratings is one of compensation in that a group that is evaluated higher than another group on one of the two fundamental dimensions is also judged lower on the other fundamental dimension. Based on Social Identity Theory, the present work extends previous research on compensation by examining boundary conditions as well as underlying psychological processes. Two studies involving experimental and correlational evidence, minimal and real groups, and different kinds of conflict, reveal that compensation is more likely when the groups are in asymmetrical relation and share a cooperative view of the intergroup setting. Our data also suggest that, among members of low status groups, compensation is associated with social creativity. In contrast, and in line with the 'noblesse oblige' effect, members of the high status group would seem to rely on compensation as a means to appear non-discriminatory.
近期关于群体间关系的研究强调了能力和热情这两个基本维度的作用，它们构建了对社会群体的认知。人们评价中经常出现的一种模式是补偿模式，即在两个基本维度中的一个维度上被评价高于另一群体的群体，在另一个基本维度上也会被评价较低。基于社会认同理论，本研究通过考察边界条件以及潜在心理过程，扩展了先前关于补偿的研究。两项涉及实验和相关证据、最小群体和真实群体以及不同类型冲突的研究表明，当群体处于不对称关系且对群体间情境持有合作观点时，补偿更有可能发生。我们的数据还表明，在低地位群体成员中，补偿与社会创造力相关。相比之下，与“位高责重”效应一致，高地位群体的成员似乎将补偿作为一种表现非歧视的手段。
