Pan Zhuo, Cui Jinghua, Lyu Guoping, Du Xiaoli, Qin Liyun, Guo Yumei, Xu Baohong, Li Wei, Cui Zhigang, Zhao Chuan
1 Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China .
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2014 Jun;11(6):456-61. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2013.1691. Epub 2014 Mar 24.
Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) are important foodborne pathogens. Infections with this pathogen can lead to neonatal meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and bacteremia. This study examined Cronobacter spp. contamination in commercial powdered infant formulas (PIFs) and follow-up formulas (FUFs) in China. Forty-nine of 399 samples were contaminated with Cronobacter spp. and 10.2% of the isolates were resistant to cefotaxime; in contrast, all of the tested isolates were susceptible to amikacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, and meropenem. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analyses produced a total of 16 PFGE banding patterns and 11 sequence types (STs), including 7 novel STs. In summary, the rates at which Cronobacter spp. were isolated from commercial PIF and FUF samples in China were relatively high, and the isolated strains exhibited high susceptibility in vitro to most antibiotics. The PFGE method exhibited higher typing capability than the MLST method, and molecular typing results revealed that the contamination of PIF and FUF with Cronobacter spp. in China may be mainly due to the addition of contaminated materials. Thus, the development of more effective control strategies during the manufacturing process is needed.
阪崎肠杆菌属（阪崎肠杆菌）是重要的食源性病原体。感染这种病原体可导致新生儿脑膜炎、坏死性小肠结肠炎和菌血症。本研究检测了中国市售婴儿配方奶粉（PIFs）和后续配方奶粉（FUFs）中的阪崎肠杆菌属污染情况。399份样本中有49份被阪崎肠杆菌属污染，10.2%的分离株对头孢噻肟耐药；相比之下，所有测试分离株对阿米卡星、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢吡肟、环丙沙星、亚胺培南和美罗培南均敏感。脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）和多位点序列分型（MLST）分析共产生了16种PFGE条带模式和11种序列类型（STs），包括7种新的STs。总之，中国市售PIF和FUF样本中阪崎肠杆菌属的分离率相对较高，且分离菌株在体外对大多数抗生素表现出高敏感性。PFGE方法比MLST方法具有更高的分型能力，分子分型结果表明，中国PIF和FUF被阪崎肠杆菌属污染可能主要是由于添加了受污染的原料。因此，需要在生产过程中制定更有效的控制策略。
