Costello A M, Hamilton P A, Baudin J, Townsend J, Bradford B C, Stewart A L, Reynolds E O
Department of Paediatrics, University College, Middlesex School of Medicine, Rayne Institute, London.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 1988 Dec;30(6):711-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1988.tb14633.x.
The neurodevelopmental status of 171 very preterm infants whose brains had been scanned prospectively with ultrasound was assessed blind at four years using a wide range of tests, including tests of cognitive function. Highly significant correlations were found between the ultrasound appearance of the brain and outcome. The probability of a major neurodevelopmental impairment among the 137 children who had a normal ultrasound scan or uncomplicated periventricular haemorrhage at discharge from the unit was 7 per cent; and for any neurodevelopmental impairment (major plus minor) it was 22 per cent. The probabilities for major, or any, neurodevelopmental impairment among the 18 children who had ventricular dilatation were 33 and 50 per cent, respectively; and for the 16 with hydrocephalus and/or cerebral atrophy (loss of brain-tissue from any cause) the probabilities were 56 and 69 per cent. Impairments predicted from lesions detected by ultrasound were largely neurological. There was no evidence that cognitive impairments could be predicted among infants free of neurological impairments.
对171名极早产婴儿进行了前瞻性脑部超声扫描，在他们四岁时，通过广泛的测试，包括认知功能测试，对其神经发育状况进行了盲法评估。研究发现，脑部超声表现与预后之间存在高度显著的相关性。在该病房出院时脑部超声扫描正常或伴有不复杂的脑室周围出血的137名儿童中，发生严重神经发育障碍的概率为7%；发生任何神经发育障碍（严重加轻度）的概率为22%。在18名有脑室扩张的儿童中，发生严重或任何神经发育障碍的概率分别为33%和50%；在16名有脑积水和/或脑萎缩（因任何原因导致的脑组织丧失）的儿童中，这一概率分别为56%和69%。超声检测到的病变所预测的障碍主要是神经方面的。没有证据表明在没有神经障碍的婴儿中可以预测出认知障碍。
