Prior Simon, Mitchell Tim, Whiteley Rod, O'Sullivan Peter, Williams Benjamin K, Racinais Sebastien, Farooq Abdulaziz
Lennox Head Physiotherapy Centre, 48 Ballina St, Lennox Head 2478, NSW, Australia.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2014 Mar 27;6(1):13. doi: 10.1186/2052-1847-6-13.
Thigh muscle injuries commonly occur during single leg loading tasks and patterns of muscle activation are thought to contribute to these injuries. The influence trunk and pelvis posture has on hip and thigh muscle activation during single leg stance is unknown and was investigated in a pain free population to determine if changes in body posture result in consistent patterns of changes in muscle activation.
Hip and thigh muscle activation patterns were compared in 22 asymptomatic, male subjects (20-45 years old) in paired functionally relevant single leg standing test postures: Anterior vs. Posterior Trunk Sway; Anterior vs. Posterior Pelvic Rotation; Left vs. Right Trunk Shift; and Pelvic Drop vs. Raise. Surface EMG was collected from eight hip and thigh muscles calculating Root Mean Square. EMG was normalized to an "upright standing" reference posture. Repeated measures ANOVA was performed along with associated F tests to determine if there were significant differences in muscle activation between paired test postures.
In right leg stance, Anterior Trunk Sway (compared to Posterior Sway) increased activity in posterior sagittal plane muscles, with a concurrent deactivation of anterior sagittal plane muscles (p: 0.016 - <0.001). Lateral hip abductor muscles increased activation during Left Trunk Shift (compared to Right) (p :≤ 0.001). Lateral Pelvic Drop (compared to Raise) decreased activity in hip abductors and increased hamstring, adductor longus and vastus lateralis activity (p: 0.037 - <0.001).
Changes in both trunk and pelvic posture during single leg stance generally resulted in large, predictable changes in hip and thigh muscle activation in asymptomatic young males. Changes in trunk position in the sagittal plane and pelvis position in the frontal plane had the greatest effect on muscle activation. Investigation of these activation patterns in clinical populations such as hip and thigh muscle injuries may provide important insights into injury mechanisms and inform rehabilitation strategies.
大腿肌肉损伤通常发生在单腿负重任务期间，肌肉激活模式被认为与这些损伤有关。躯干和骨盆姿势在单腿站立时对髋部和大腿肌肉激活的影响尚不清楚，本研究在无痛人群中进行调查，以确定身体姿势的变化是否会导致肌肉激活的一致变化模式。
在22名无症状男性受试者（20 - 45岁）中，于功能相关的成对单腿站立测试姿势下比较髋部和大腿肌肉激活模式：躯干前摆与后摆；骨盆前倾与后倾；躯干左移与右移；骨盆下降与抬高。从八块髋部和大腿肌肉采集表面肌电图，计算均方根值。肌电图以“直立站立”参考姿势进行标准化。进行重复测量方差分析及相关F检验，以确定成对测试姿势之间肌肉激活是否存在显著差异。
在右腿站立时，躯干前摆（与后摆相比）增加了后矢状面肌肉的活动，同时前矢状面肌肉失活（p：0.016 - <0.001）。躯干左移（与右移相比）期间，髋部外侧外展肌激活增加（p：≤0.001）。骨盆外侧下降（与抬高相比）降低了髋部外展肌的活动，增加了腘绳肌、长收肌和股外侧肌的活动（p：0.037 - <0.001）。
单腿站立时躯干和骨盆姿势的变化通常会导致无症状年轻男性髋部和大腿肌肉激活出现大的、可预测的变化。矢状面躯干位置和额状面骨盆位置的变化对肌肉激活影响最大。在髋部和大腿肌肉损伤等临床人群中研究这些激活模式，可能为损伤机制提供重要见解，并为康复策略提供依据。
