Department of Psychology, Neurocognitive Translational Research Laboratory, Cancer Control and Survivorship Program, University of Notre Dame, 109 Haggar Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46566, USA,
Support Care Cancer. 2014 Aug;22(8):2251-60. doi: 10.1007/s00520-014-2162-y. Epub 2014 Mar 27.
Malignant tumors and their various treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy can deleteriously affect a large number of cancer patients and survivors on multiple dimensions of psychosocial and neurocognitive functioning. Oncology researchers and clinicians are increasingly cognizant of the negative effects of cancer and its treatments on the brain and its mental processes and cognitive outcomes. Nevertheless, effective interventions to treat cancer and treatment-related neurocognitive dysfunction (CRND), also known as chemobrain, are still lacking. The paucity of data on effective treatments for CRND is due, at least partly, to difficulties understanding its etiology, and a lack of reliable methods for assessing its presence and severity. This paper provides an overview of the incidence, etiology, and magnitude of CRND, and discusses the plausible contributions of psychological, motor function, and linguistic and behavioral complications to CRND. Strategies for reliable neuropsychological screening and assessment, and development and testing of effective ways to mitigate CRND are also discussed.
恶性肿瘤及其各种治疗方法，如化疗、放疗和激素治疗，会在多个心理社会和神经认知功能维度上对大量癌症患者和幸存者造成有害影响。肿瘤学研究人员和临床医生越来越意识到癌症及其治疗对大脑及其精神过程和认知结果的负面影响。然而，仍然缺乏治疗癌症和治疗相关神经认知功能障碍（CRND）的有效干预措施，也称为化疗脑。缺乏针对 CRND 的有效治疗方法的数据至少部分归因于难以理解其病因，以及缺乏可靠的方法来评估其存在和严重程度。本文概述了 CRND 的发生率、病因和严重程度，并讨论了心理、运动功能以及语言和行为并发症对 CRND 的可能贡献。还讨论了用于可靠神经心理筛查和评估的策略，以及开发和测试减轻 CRND 的有效方法。
