Wolf G, Saria A, Koidl B
Univ.-Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Klinik, Graz.
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). 1988 Oct;67(10):518-22.
The ciliary frequency was measured in cultivated ciliated human cells of the upper respiratory tract. An attempt was made to influence this isolated system pharmacologically. Previously, contradictory results have been published regarding the effects of parasympathomimetic and sympathomimetic drugs. We investigated the muscarinic agonist carbachol and the beta 2-adrenoreceptor stimulating drug clenbuterol. Carbachol (10(-3) M) did not modify the ciliary frequency in 6 experiments neither at 37 degrees C nor at 24 degrees C, where the basal frequency was reduced. Spiropent (10(-5) M), a pharmaceutical preparation of clenbuterol and lactose, increased the ciliary frequency in 3 experiments. Clenbuterol, tested in the same concentration in 1 experiment, also caused an increase. Lactose was without effect. The secretolytic drug ambroxol did not influence the ciliary frequency. The neuropeptide substance P which causes an increase in ciliary frequency in the respiratory tract of rabbits in vivo, had no effect on isolated human ciliated cells indicating an indirect effect of this peptide. Calcitonin gene-related peptide which co-exists with substance P in sensory neurons of the airways, increased the ciliary frequency in 1 out of 6 experiments. In conclusion, our results indicate that ciliary activity can be directly modified via beta 2-adrenoreceptors. Other putative neuronal mediators did not reveal clearcut direct activity.
在上呼吸道培养的人纤毛细胞中测量了纤毛频率。尝试从药理学角度影响这个孤立的系统。此前，关于拟副交感神经药和拟交感神经药的作用已发表了相互矛盾的结果。我们研究了毒蕈碱激动剂卡巴胆碱和β2肾上腺素能受体激动剂克仑特罗。在6次实验中，卡巴胆碱（10⁻³ M）在37℃和24℃时均未改变纤毛频率，而在24℃时基础频率降低。克仑特罗的药物制剂 Spiropent（10⁻⁵ M）与乳糖的混合物在3次实验中增加了纤毛频率。在1次实验中以相同浓度测试的克仑特罗也导致了纤毛频率增加。乳糖没有作用。黏液溶解剂氨溴索不影响纤毛频率。神经肽P物质在体内可使兔呼吸道的纤毛频率增加，但对分离的人纤毛细胞没有作用，表明该肽具有间接作用。降钙素基因相关肽与P物质共同存在于气道感觉神经元中，在6次实验中有1次增加了纤毛频率。总之，我们的结果表明纤毛活动可通过β2肾上腺素能受体直接改变。其他假定的神经介质未显示出明确的直接活性。
