Wong Kaichung, Chen Tony, Connor David E, Behnia Masud, Parsi Kurosh
School of Aerospace, Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia.
Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, Australia Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Phlebology. 2015 Jun;30(5):339-49. doi: 10.1177/0268355514529271. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
To determine the basic physiochemical properties and rheological activity of detergent sclerosants.
Sodium tetradecyl sulphate and polidocanol liquid and foam sclerosants were investigated in a range of concentrations (0.1-3%), liquid-plus-air fractions (1+2 to 1+8) and dilutions in water (stock solutions) or in normal saline. The embolic agent ethanol was investigated for comparison. Density was measured using a digital balance. Surface tension was measured by the Du Nuoy ring method and used to determine the critical micellar concentration. Viscosity was measured using a cone-plate rheometer for liquid and a modified parallel plate method for foam.
Liquid sclerosant density decreased as the sclerosant concentration increased while foam density decreased with the increasing air fraction. The critical micellar concentration of polidocanol was 0.002% in both normal saline and water while that of sodium tetradecyl sulphate was 0.075% in normal saline and 0.200% in water. Viscosity of liquid sodium tetradecyl sulphate was lower than that of polidocanol. Foam sclerosants were at least 10,000-fold more viscous than liquid sclerosants and ethanol. All agents demonstrated a Non-Newtonian shear-thinning behaviour with a fall in viscosity at lower shear rates (<10 s(-1)). Polidocanol (but not sodium tetradecyl sulphate) foam viscosity progressively increased with increasing sclerosant concentration and liquid-plus-air fractions.
Liquid and foam sclerosants and ethanol are Non-Newtonian shear thinning fluids. Foam sclerosants are significantly more viscous than liquid agents.
确定洗涤剂硬化剂的基本理化性质和流变活性。
研究了十四烷基硫酸钠、聚多卡醇液体和泡沫硬化剂在一系列浓度（0.1 - 3%）、液体加空气比例（1 + 2至1 + 8）以及在水（储备溶液）或生理盐水中的稀释情况。对栓塞剂乙醇进行了研究以作比较。使用数字天平测量密度。通过杜诺依环法测量表面张力并用于确定临界胶束浓度。使用锥板流变仪测量液体的粘度，使用改良平行板法测量泡沫的粘度。
液体硬化剂密度随着硬化剂浓度增加而降低，而泡沫密度随着空气比例增加而降低。聚多卡醇在生理盐水和水中的临界胶束浓度均为0.002%，而十四烷基硫酸钠在生理盐水中的临界胶束浓度为0.075%，在水中为0.200%。液体十四烷基硫酸钠的粘度低于聚多卡醇。泡沫硬化剂的粘度比液体硬化剂和乙醇至少高10000倍。所有试剂均表现出非牛顿剪切变稀行为，在较低剪切速率（<10 s⁻¹）下粘度下降。聚多卡醇（但不是十四烷基硫酸钠）泡沫粘度随着硬化剂浓度和液体加空气比例的增加而逐渐增加。
液体和泡沫硬化剂以及乙醇是非牛顿剪切变稀流体。泡沫硬化剂的粘度明显高于液体试剂。
