Ogunmola Olarinde Jeffrey, Oladosu Olatunji Yusuf, Olamoyegun Adeyemi Michael
Cardiac Care Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Center, Ido Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Ladoke-Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2014 Mar 18;10:129-37. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S58449. eCollection 2014.
There are few studies from Nigeria and Africa regarding the contribution of obesity and hypertension to cardiovascular risk in HIV-infected patients. This study investigates the prevalence of hypertension and obesity and their association with HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment (ART).
We conducted a cross-sectional cohort study in a rural tertiary health center in Nigeria. The data collected included demographic variables, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), monthly income, educational attainment, HIV status and ART treatment, duration of treatment, and CD4 T-lymphocyte count.
A total of 403 participants met the inclusion criteria. There were 153 (38.0%) HIV-negative subjects (42.5% male, 57.5% female; mean age: 35.5 ± 7.6 years), 120 (29.8%) HIV-positive drug-naïve subjects (42.5% male, 57.5% female; mean age: 36.5 ± 9.1 years), and 130 (32.2%) HIV-positive subjects taking antiretroviral drugs (33.1% male, 66.9% female; mean age: 38.6 ± 8.0 years). The prevalence of hypertension was 13.7% in HIV-negative subjects, 19.0% in HIV-positive drug-naïve subjects, and 12.3% in HIV-positive ART subjects. The prevalence of obesity was 15.9% in the HIV-negative group, 3% in the HIV-positive drug-naïve group, and 8% in the HIV-positive ART group. Multivariate regression analysis showed no relationship between hypertension and HIV status (P=0.293) or ART status (P=0.587). In contrast, BMI showed a strong relationship with HIV status (odds ratio: 0.281; 95% confidence interval: 0.089-0.884; P=0.030) but not with ART status (P=0.593). BMI was a significant predictor of hypertension.
HIV or ART status was not associated with hypertension. HIV infection was associated with a lower BMI, and a lower prevalence of obesity compared with HIV-negative subjects.
在尼日利亚和非洲，关于肥胖和高血压对艾滋病毒感染患者心血管风险的影响的研究较少。本研究调查了高血压和肥胖的患病率及其与艾滋病毒感染和抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的关联。
我们在尼日利亚的一家农村三级医疗中心进行了一项横断面队列研究。收集的数据包括人口统计学变量、血压、体重指数（BMI）、月收入、教育程度、艾滋病毒状况和抗逆转录病毒治疗、治疗持续时间以及CD4 T淋巴细胞计数。
共有403名参与者符合纳入标准。其中有153名（38.0%）艾滋病毒阴性受试者（男性42.5%，女性57.5%；平均年龄：35.5±7.6岁），120名（29.8%）艾滋病毒阳性未接受过抗逆转录病毒治疗的受试者（男性42.5%，女性57.5%；平均年龄：36.5±9.1岁），以及130名（32.2%）正在接受抗逆转录病毒药物治疗的艾滋病毒阳性受试者（男性33.1%，女性66.9%；平均年龄：38.6±8.0岁）。艾滋病毒阴性受试者中高血压患病率为13.7%，艾滋病毒阳性未接受过抗逆转录病毒治疗的受试者中为19.0%，艾滋病毒阳性接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的受试者中为12.3%。艾滋病毒阴性组中肥胖患病率为15.9%，艾滋病毒阳性未接受过抗逆转录病毒治疗的组中为3%，艾滋病毒阳性接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的组中为8%。多变量回归分析显示高血压与艾滋病毒状况（P=0.293）或抗逆转录病毒治疗状况（P=0.587）之间无关联。相比之下，BMI与艾滋病毒状况有很强的关联（优势比：0.281；95%置信区间：0.089 - 0.884；P=0.030），但与抗逆转录病毒治疗状况无关（P=0.593）。BMI是高血压的一个重要预测因素。
艾滋病毒或抗逆转录病毒治疗状况与高血压无关。与艾滋病毒阴性受试者相比，艾滋病毒感染与较低的BMI以及较低的肥胖患病率相关。
