Mallin Brittany M, Richards John E
Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah.
Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina.
Infancy. 2012 Nov;17(6):692-714. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-7078.2011.00109.x.
This study examined the effect of attention in young infants on the saccadic localization of dynamic peripheral stimuli presented on complex and interesting backgrounds. Infants at 14, 20, and 26 weeks of age were presented with scenes from a Sesame Street movie until fixation on a moving character occurred and then presented with a second segment in the scene in which the character movement occurred in a new location. Localization of the moving character in the new location was faster when the infant was engaged in attention than when inattentive, for scenes in which the character moved from one location to another, or scenes in which the character stopped moving and characters in new locations began moving. However, localization of the character was slower during attention when the first character disappeared and a different character appeared in a new location. We also found a decrease in the linear component of the main sequence in the saccade characteristics over the three testing ages, and attention affected the main sequence for infants at the two oldest ages. These results partially replicate prior findings showing that attention to a focal stimulus affects localization of peripheral stimuli, but suggest that the nature of the stimuli being localized modifies the role of attention in affecting eye movements to peripheral stimuli.
本研究考察了幼儿的注意力对呈现于复杂且有趣背景上的动态周边刺激的扫视定位的影响。研究人员向14周、20周和26周大的婴儿播放《芝麻街》电影片段，直至婴儿注视一个移动的角色，然后在场景中呈现第二段内容，其中角色在新位置移动。当婴儿处于专注状态时，相比于注意力不集中时，对于角色从一个位置移动到另一个位置的场景，或者角色停止移动而新位置的角色开始移动的场景，在新位置对移动角色的定位更快。然而，当第一个角色消失且新位置出现不同角色时，专注状态下对角色的定位较慢。我们还发现，在三个测试年龄段中，扫视特征的主序列线性成分有所下降，且注意力对两个最大年龄组婴儿的主序列有影响。这些结果部分重复了先前的研究发现，即对焦点刺激的注意力会影响周边刺激的定位，但表明被定位刺激的性质会改变注意力在影响对周边刺激的眼动方面的作用。
