Beck Kevin R, Tan Shian M, Lum Shin S, Lim Leslie Ec, Krishna Lalit Kr
Department of Psychiatry, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Psychological Care Centre, Military Medicine Institute, Singapore.
Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2016 Jun;12(2):e241-9. doi: 10.1111/ajco.12180. Epub 2014 Mar 27.
To validate the emotion thermometer (ET) and hospital anxiety and depression scales (HADS) in Singapore, screening cancer patients for distress, anxiety and depression.
Three hundred fifteen cancer patients from National Cancer Centre and Singapore General Hospital participated in the study. Interviews and assessments were conducted in English, assessing patients' sociodemographic data and screening for emotional symptoms using the ET, HADS and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) tools.
Fifty-three patients (16.83%) fulfilled the MINI criteria for major depressive disorder and 30 patients (12.77%) for generalized anxiety disorder. The ET depression thermometer correlated positively with HADS depression subscale, r = 0.645 (P < 0.01), with area under curve (AUC) value being 0.76, when cutoff score is 3. The ET anxiety thermometer correlated positively with HADS anxiety subscale, r = 0.632 (P < 0.01), with an AUC value of 0.76, when cutoff score is 4. The ET distress thermometer correlated positively with HADS depression subscale, r = 0.506 (P < 0.01), with AUC value being 0.72, when cutoff score is 2, the ET distress thermometer also correlated positively with HADS anxiety subscale, r = 0.652 (P < 0.01), with the AUC value being 0.77, when cutoff score is 4. Using MINI diagnoses for anxiety and depression as the gold standard, cutoff score for HADS depression scale is 7, which yielded an AUC of 0.826. The cutoff score for HADS anxiety scale is 5, yielding an AUC of 0.779.
Results from the study support the use of both ET and HADS as valid and reliable instruments assessing for distress, anxiety and depression in cancer patients.
验证情绪温度计（ET）和医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）在新加坡癌症患者中筛查痛苦、焦虑和抑郁的有效性。
来自新加坡国立癌症中心和新加坡总医院的315名癌症患者参与了本研究。采用英语进行访谈和评估，收集患者的社会人口学数据，并使用ET、HADS和迷你国际神经精神访谈（MINI）工具筛查情绪症状。
53名患者（16.83%）符合MINI中重度抑郁症的标准，30名患者（12.77%）符合广泛性焦虑症的标准。当截断分数为3时，ET抑郁温度计与HADS抑郁分量表呈正相关，r = 0.645（P < 0.01），曲线下面积（AUC）值为0.76。当截断分数为4时，ET焦虑温度计与HADS焦虑分量表呈正相关，r = 0.632（P < 0.01），AUC值为0.76。当截断分数为2时，ET痛苦温度计与HADS抑郁分量表呈正相关，r = 0.506（P < 0.01），AUC值为0.72；当截断分数为4时，ET痛苦温度计也与HADS焦虑分量表呈正相关，r = 0.652（P < 0.01），AUC值为0.77。以MINI诊断的焦虑和抑郁作为金标准，HADS抑郁量表的截断分数为7，AUC为0.826。HADS焦虑量表的截断分数为5，AUC为0.779。
研究结果支持将ET和HADS作为评估癌症患者痛苦、焦虑和抑郁的有效且可靠的工具。
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