Department of Medicine and Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Science. 2014 Mar 28;343(6178):1462-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1251900.
The existence of BRCA1 was proven in 1990 by mapping predisposition to young-onset breast cancer in families to chromosome 17q21. Knowing that such a gene existed and approximately where it lay triggered efforts by public and private groups to clone and sequence it. The press baptized the competition "the race" and reported on it in detail for the next 4 years. BRCA1 was positionally cloned in September 1994. Twenty years later, I reflect on "the race" and its consequences for breast cancer prevention and treatment.
BRCA1 的存在于 1990 年通过将家族中早发性乳腺癌的易感性映射到染色体 17q21 而得到证实。知道这样的基因存在，并且大致位于何处，这促使公共和私人团体努力对其进行克隆和测序。媒体将这场竞争命名为“竞赛”，并在接下来的 4 年里对此进行了详细报道。BRCA1 于 1994 年在定位上被克隆。20 年后，我反思了“竞赛”及其对乳腺癌预防和治疗的影响。
