Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America; Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia, United States of America.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Mar 27;8(3):e2768. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002768. eCollection 2014 Mar.
Dispersal is a critical life history behavior for mosquitoes and is important for the spread of mosquito-borne disease. We implemented the first stable isotope mark-capture study to measure mosquito dispersal, focusing on Culex pipiens in southwest suburban Chicago, Illinois, a hotspot of West Nile virus (WNV) transmission. We enriched nine catch basins in 2010 and 2011 with 15N-potassium nitrate and detected dispersal of enriched adult females emerging from these catch basins using CDC light and gravid traps to distances as far as 3 km. We detected 12 isotopically enriched pools of mosquitoes out of 2,442 tested during the two years and calculated a mean dispersal distance of 1.15 km and maximum flight range of 2.48 km. According to a logistic distribution function, 90% of the female Culex mosquitoes stayed within 3 km of their larval habitat, which corresponds with the distance-limited genetic variation of WNV observed in this study region. This study provides new insights on the dispersal of the most important vector of WNV in the eastern United States and demonstrates the utility of stable isotope enrichment for studying the biology of mosquitoes in other disease systems.
扩散是蚊子的关键生活史行为，对于蚊媒疾病的传播很重要。我们实施了首个稳定同位素标记捕获研究来测量蚊子的扩散，该研究集中于伊利诺伊州芝加哥西郊的库蚊（Culex pipiens），这里是西尼罗河病毒（WNV）传播的热点地区。我们在 2010 年和 2011 年用 15N-硝酸钾丰富了 9 个雨水篦子，并使用疾病预防控制中心的诱蚊灯和诱卵器检测了从这些雨水篦子中羽化的富含 15N 的成年雌性蚊子的扩散，扩散距离远至 3 公里。我们在两年内检测了 2442 只蚊子，发现了 12 个同位素丰富的蚊子种群，并计算出平均扩散距离为 1.15 公里，最大飞行范围为 2.48 公里。根据逻辑分布函数，90%的雌性库蚊停留在距其幼虫栖息地 3 公里以内的地方，这与在本研究区域观察到的 WNV 遗传变异的距离限制相吻合。本研究为美国东部最重要的 WNV 传播媒介的扩散提供了新的见解，并展示了稳定同位素富集在研究其他疾病系统中蚊子生物学的应用。
