Medeiros Matthew C I, Boothe Emily C, Roark E Brendan, Hamer Gabriel L
Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017 Jan 30;11(1):e0005347. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005347. eCollection 2017 Jan.
The dispersal patterns of mosquito vectors are important drivers of vector-borne infectious disease dynamics and understanding movement patterns is pivotal to devise successful intervention strategies. Here, we investigate the dispersal patterns of two globally important mosquito vectors, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus, by marking naturally-occurring larvae with stable isotopes (13C or 15N). Marked individuals were captured with 32 CDC light trap, 32 gravid trap, and 16 BG Sentinel at different locations within two-kilometer radii of six larval habitats enriched with either 13C or 15N. In total, 720 trap nights from July to August 2013 yielded a total of 32,140 Cx. quinquefasciatus and 7,722 Ae. albopictus. Overall, 69 marked female mosquitoes and 24 marked male mosquitoes were captured throughout the study period. The distance that Cx. quinquefasciatus females traveled differed for host-seeking and oviposition-seeking traps, with females seeking oviposition sites traveling further than those seeking hosts. Our analysis suggests that 41% of Cx. quinquefasciatus females that were host-seeking occurred 1-2 kilometer from their respective natal site, while 59% remained within a kilometer of their natal site. In contrast, 59% of Cx. quinquefasciatus females that were seeking oviposition sites occurred between 1-2 kilometer away from their larval habitat, while 15% occurred > 2 kilometer away from their natal site. Our analysis estimated that approximately 100% of Ae. albopictus females remained within 1 km of their respective natal site, with 79% occurring within 250m. In addition, we found that male Ae. albopictus dispersed farther than females, suggesting male-biased dispersal in this Ae. albopictus population. This study provides important insights on the dispersal patterns of two globally relevant vector species, and will be important in planning next generation vector control strategies that mitigate mosquito-borne disease through sterile insect techniques, novel Wolbachia infection, and gene drive strategies.
蚊媒的扩散模式是媒介传播传染病动态的重要驱动因素，了解其移动模式对于制定成功的干预策略至关重要。在此，我们通过用稳定同位素（13C或15N）标记自然出现的幼虫，研究了两种全球重要的蚊媒——白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊的扩散模式。在六个用13C或15N富集的幼虫栖息地两公里半径内的不同位置，用32个疾控中心诱蚊灯、32个孕蚊诱捕器和16个BG哨兵诱捕器捕获标记个体。2013年7月至8月共720个诱捕夜，总共捕获了32140只致倦库蚊和7722只白纹伊蚊。在整个研究期间，总共捕获了69只标记的雌蚊和24只标记的雄蚊。致倦库蚊雌蚊在寻找宿主和寻找产卵地的诱捕器中的移动距离不同，寻找产卵地的雌蚊比寻找宿主的雌蚊移动得更远。我们的分析表明，41%寻找宿主的致倦库蚊雌蚊在距离其各自出生地1 - 2公里处出现，而59%仍在其出生地一公里范围内。相比之下，59%寻找产卵地的致倦库蚊雌蚊在距离其幼虫栖息地1 - 2公里之间出现，而15%在距离其出生地超过2公里处出现。我们的分析估计，大约100%的白纹伊蚊雌蚊仍在其各自出生地1公里范围内，79%在250米范围内出现。此外，我们发现白纹伊蚊雄蚊比雌蚊扩散得更远，表明在这个白纹伊蚊种群中存在雄性偏向扩散。这项研究为两种全球相关病媒物种的扩散模式提供了重要见解，对于规划下一代病媒控制策略将具有重要意义，这些策略通过不育昆虫技术、新型沃尔巴克氏体感染和基因驱动策略来减轻蚊媒疾病。
