Peres Luis Alberto Batista, Passarini Sandra Regina, Branco Michele Ferreira de Barros Tocollini, Kruger Luci Aparecida
Faculdade Assis Gurgacz, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, Cascavel, PR, Brasil.
Faculdade Assis Gurgacz, Cascavel, PR, Brasil.
J Bras Nefrol. 2014 Jan-Mar;36(1):42-7. doi: 10.5935/0101-2800.20140008.
Cutaneous and mucosal disorders are the most common problems in patients on long-term hemodialysis. The dialysis prolongs the life expectancy, giving time of these changes to manifest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dermatologic problems among patients with chronic renal disease (CRD) undergoing hemodialysis.
One hundred forty-five patients with chronic renal disease undergoing hemodialysis were studied. All patients were thoroughly examined for skin changes, hair, nails and mucous membranes by a single examiner and laboratory tests were assessed. The data were stored in a database Microsoft Excel and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The continuous variables were compared using Student's t-test and categorical variables the chi-square test or Fisher's Exact test.
The study included 145 patients, mean age of 53.6 ± 14.7 years, predominantly male (64.1%) and caucasian (90.0%). The average time of dialysis was 43.3 ± 42.3 months. The main underlying diseases were: hypertension in 33.8%, diabetes mellitus in 29.6% and chronic glomerulonephritis in 13.1% of the patients. The main dermatologic manifestations observed were: xerosis in 109 (75.2%), ecchymosis in 87 (60.0%), pruritus in 78 (53.8%) and lentigo in 33 (22.8%) patients.
Our study showed the presence of more than one alteration per patient. Cutaneous alterations are frequent in patients on dialysis. Further studies are needed to better characterization and management of these dermatosis.
皮肤和黏膜疾病是长期血液透析患者最常见的问题。透析延长了预期寿命，使这些变化有时间显现出来。本研究的目的是评估接受血液透析的慢性肾病（CRD）患者中皮肤病问题的患病率。
对145例接受血液透析的慢性肾病患者进行了研究。由一名检查者对所有患者的皮肤变化、毛发、指甲和黏膜进行全面检查，并评估实验室检查结果。数据存储在Microsoft Excel数据库中，并使用描述性统计进行分析。连续变量采用Student's t检验进行比较，分类变量采用卡方检验或Fisher精确检验。
该研究纳入了145例患者，平均年龄为53.6±14.7岁，以男性为主（64.1%），白种人占90.0%。平均透析时间为43.3±42.3个月。主要基础疾病为：33.8%的患者患有高血压，29.6%的患者患有糖尿病，13.1%的患者患有慢性肾小球肾炎。观察到的主要皮肤表现为：109例（75.2%）患者出现皮肤干燥，87例（60.0%）患者出现瘀斑，78例（53.8%）患者出现瘙痒，33例（22.8%）患者出现雀斑。
我们的研究表明每位患者存在不止一种改变。透析患者皮肤改变很常见。需要进一步研究以更好地对这些皮肤病进行特征描述和管理。
