Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, 5/F, Clinical Sciences Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Osteoporos Int. 2014 Jun;25(6):1785-95. doi: 10.1007/s00198-014-2693-6. Epub 2014 Mar 28.
This study is a prospective cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial involving 710 elderly subjects to investigate the long-term effects of low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) on fall and fracture rates, muscle performance, and bone quality. The results confirmed that LMHFV is effective in reducing fall incidence and enhancing muscle performance in the elderly.
Falls are direct causes of fragility fracture in the elderly. LMHFV has been shown to improve muscle function and bone quality. This study is to investigate the efficacy of LMHFV in preventing fall and fractures among the elderly in the community.
A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted with 710 postmenopausal females over 60 years. A total of 364 participants received daily 20 min LMHFV (35 Hz, 0.3 g), 5 days/week for 18 months; 346 participants served as control. Fall or fracture rate was taken as the primary outcome. Also, quadriceps muscle strength, balancing abilities, bone mineral density (BMD), and quality of life (QoL) assessments were done at 0, 9, and 18 months.
With an average of 66.0% compliance in the vibration group, 18.6% of 334 vibration group subjects reported fall or fracture incidences compared with 28.7% of 327 in the control (adjusted HR = 0.56, p = 0.001). The fracture rate of vibration and control groups were 1.1 and 2.3 % respectively (p = 0.171). Significant improvements were found in reaction time, movement velocity, and maximum excursion of balancing ability assessment, and also the quadriceps muscle strength (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in the overall change of BMD. Minimal adverse effects were documented.
LMHFV is effective in fall prevention with improved muscle strength and balancing ability in the elderly. We recommend its use in the community as an effective fall prevention program and to decrease related injuries.
本研究为前瞻性群组随机对照临床试验，共纳入 710 例老年受试者，旨在探讨低强度高频振动（LMHFV）对老年人跌倒和骨折发生率、肌肉性能和骨质量的长期影响。结果证实，LMHFV 可有效降低老年人跌倒发生率，增强肌肉性能。
跌倒是老年人脆性骨折的直接原因。LMHFV 已被证明可改善肌肉功能和骨质量。本研究旨在探讨 LMHFV 在预防社区老年人跌倒和骨折中的疗效。
采用群组随机对照试验，纳入 710 例绝经后 60 岁以上女性。364 例参与者接受每日 20 分钟 LMHFV（35Hz，0.3g），每周 5 天，共 18 个月；346 例作为对照组。以跌倒或骨折发生率为主要结局。还在 0、9 和 18 个月时评估股四头肌力量、平衡能力、骨密度（BMD）和生活质量（QoL）。
振动组的平均依从率为 66.0%，334 例振动组中有 18.6%的受试者报告跌倒或骨折发生率，而 327 例对照组中有 28.7%（调整后的 HR=0.56，p=0.001）。振动组和对照组的骨折发生率分别为 1.1%和 2.3%（p=0.171）。平衡能力评估的反应时间、运动速度和最大偏移量以及股四头肌力量均有显著改善（p<0.001）。BMD 的总体变化无显著差异。仅记录到轻微的不良反应。
LMHFV 可有效预防老年人跌倒，增强肌肉力量和平衡能力。我们建议在社区中使用 LMHFV 作为一种有效的跌倒预防方案，以减少相关伤害。
