Andersson Lena M C, Moore Chrystal Dea, Hensing Gunnel, Krantz Gunilla, Staland-Nyman Carin
Unit of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,
Community Ment Health J. 2014 Aug;50(6):721-8. doi: 10.1007/s10597-014-9722-y. Epub 2014 Mar 28.
Given the prevalence of mental illness worldwide, it is important to better understand the dynamics of mental health help-seeking behavior to improve access to care. The aim of this study was to investigate if general self-efficacy (GSE) was associated with self-reported mental illness and help-seeking behavior and barriers to care in a randomized population. This study utilized a mailed questionnaire completed by 3,981 persons aged 19-64 years who resided in Western Sweden. GSE was measured and logistic regression models calculated, controlling for various sociodemographic variables. Results showed that 25% of men and 43% of women reported a lifetime prevalence of mental illness that they felt could have benefitted from treatment. Of those, 37% of the men and 27% of the women reported barriers to care. Men and women with low GSE were more likely to suffer from mental illness compared with persons high in GSE, but GSE did not enhance help-seeking behavior or perceived barriers to care. The most prevalent barriers to care for both sexes were beliefs that the illness will pass by itself, doubt whether treatment works, lack of knowledge of where to go and feelings of shame. Overall, GSE scores did not differ among those who experienced various barriers to care with the exception of two barriers only among women.
鉴于全球精神疾病的普遍存在，更好地了解心理健康求助行为的动态情况对于改善医疗服务的可及性至关重要。本研究的目的是调查在一个随机抽样的人群中，一般自我效能感（GSE）是否与自我报告的精神疾病、求助行为及就医障碍相关。本研究采用邮寄问卷的方式，由居住在瑞典西部的3981名年龄在19至64岁之间的人完成。对GSE进行了测量，并计算了逻辑回归模型，同时控制了各种社会人口学变量。结果显示，25%的男性和43%的女性报告称其一生中曾患有一种他们认为本可从治疗中获益的精神疾病。在这些人中，37%的男性和27%的女性报告了就医障碍。与GSE高的人相比，GSE低的男性和女性更易患精神疾病，但GSE并未增强求助行为或对就医障碍的感知。男女最普遍的就医障碍是认为疾病会自行好转、怀疑治疗是否有效、不知道去哪里就医以及感到羞耻。总体而言，除了仅在女性中存在的两个障碍外，经历各种就医障碍的人群的GSE得分并无差异。
