de Oliveira S G, Lynch Alfaro Jessica W, Veiga Liza M
Curso de Pós-Graduação de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pará/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Am J Primatol. 2014 Oct;76(10):919-31. doi: 10.1002/ajp.22277. Epub 2014 Mar 27.
The Ka'apor capuchin, Cebus kaapori, is perhaps the most endangered primate of the Brazilian Amazon. Endemic to a region with extreme intensification of habitat-degrading activities, it survives in remnant populations in a completely fragmented landscape. Before now, the only data available were isolated observations of feeding, locality records, and information on population densities and group size obtained during census. Here we present the first data on the activity budget, diet, and daily path length of the species, and compare our preliminary results with those for other capuchin monkeys. A group of nine Ka'apor capuchins was monitored over a period of four months during the dry season in the Goianésia do Pará municipality, Pará, Brazil. We used instantaneous scan sampling (n = 4,647 scans) to construct an activity budget for the monkeys, and we identified the plants in their diet to species level (n = 41 plant taxa), allowing us to compare dietary overlap with other gracile capuchin species, as well as with the robust capuchin (Sapajus spp.), a potential competitor present throughout the range of the Ka'apor capuchin. Like other species of gracile capuchins, C. kaapori was highly frugivorous, with the vast majority of the feeding records of arils and fruit pulp (74%), supplemented by arthropods (13%) and seeds (10%), although diet composition was highly variable across months. The group used a total area of 62.4 ha during the study period, and average daily path length was 2,173 m (±400 m), with the entire home range utilized in every month of the study. We found significant overlap in the diet of the Ka'apor capuchin and Sapajus, highlighting the urgency to increase knowledge of the ecological needs of C. kaapori and understand synergistic effects of sympatry with competitive species, increasing forest fragmentation, and widespread human impact on C. kaapori sustainability.
卡波灵卷尾猴（Cebus kaapori）可能是巴西亚马逊地区最濒危的灵长类动物。它是栖息地退化活动极度密集地区的特有物种，在完全破碎化的景观中的残留种群中生存。在此之前，仅有的可用数据是关于觅食的孤立观察、地点记录以及普查期间获得的种群密度和群体规模信息。在此，我们展示了该物种的活动预算、饮食和每日路径长度的首批数据，并将我们的初步结果与其他卷尾猴的结果进行比较。在巴西帕拉州戈亚内西亚市的旱季，对一群九只卡波灵卷尾猴进行了为期四个月的监测。我们使用瞬时扫描取样法（n = 4647次扫描）来构建猴子的活动预算，并将它们饮食中的植物鉴定到物种水平（n = 41种植物分类单元），这使我们能够比较其饮食与其他纤瘦卷尾猴物种以及强壮卷尾猴（Sapajus spp.）的重叠情况，强壮卷尾猴是在卡波灵卷尾猴整个分布范围内的潜在竞争者。与其他纤瘦卷尾猴物种一样，卡波灵卷尾猴高度食果，绝大多数觅食记录为假种皮和果肉（74%），辅以节肢动物（13%）和种子（10%），尽管不同月份的饮食组成变化很大。在研究期间，该群体使用的总面积为62.4公顷，平均每日路径长度为2173米（±400米），研究的每个月都利用了整个家域。我们发现卡波灵卷尾猴和强壮卷尾猴的饮食存在显著重叠，这凸显了迫切需要增加对卡波灵卷尾猴生态需求的了解，并理解与竞争物种同域分布、森林破碎化加剧以及人类对卡波灵卷尾猴可持续性的广泛影响的协同效应。
