Valdiani Alireza, Talei Daryush, Javanmard Arash, Tan Soon Guan, Kadir Mihdzar Abdul, Maziah Mahmood
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia.
Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia; Medicinal Plant Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
Gene. 2014 Jun 1;542(2):156-67. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.03.039. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
Andrographis paniculata Nees. (AP) is a self-pollinated medicinal herb with a wide range of pharmaceutical properties, facing a low diversity in Malaysia. Cross-pollination of AP accessions leads to considerable rates of heterosis in the agro-morphological characteristics and anticancer phytochemicals of this eminent medicinal herb. However, the poor crossability of the plant at the interpopulation or intraspecific levels is an obstacle from the evolutionary and breeding points of view as an average of 4.56% crossability was recorded for AP in this study. Hence, this research aimed to elicit the impact of parental genetic distances (GDs) on the rate of crossability of AP using seven accessions in 21 possible cross combinations. To this end, a set of 55 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers and a total of 13 agro-morphological markers were employed to test the hypothesis. Twenty-two out of the 55 RAPD primers amplified a total of 257 bands of which 107 bands were found to be polymorphic. The principal component analysis (PCA) based on the RAPD markers revealed that the studied AP accessions were distributed to three distinct groups. Furthermore, it was noticed that even a minor increase in GD between two parents can cause a decline in their crossability. Unlike, the morphological-based GDs acted neutrally to crossability. This finding suggests that, despite the low genetic diversity among the Malaysian APs, a population prescreening using RAPD markers would be useful to enhance the rate of fruit set through selecting the genetically adjacent parents.
穿心莲（AP）是一种自花授粉的药用草本植物，具有广泛的药用特性，但在马来西亚其多样性较低。穿心莲种质的异花授粉会导致这种著名药用草本植物在农艺形态特征和抗癌植物化学物质方面出现相当高的杂种优势率。然而，从进化和育种的角度来看，该植物在种群间或种内水平上较差的杂交亲和性是一个障碍，因为在本研究中穿心莲的平均杂交亲和性为4.56%。因此，本研究旨在利用7种种质进行21种可能的杂交组合，探究亲本遗传距离（GDs）对穿心莲杂交亲和性的影响。为此，使用了一组55个随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）引物和总共13个农艺形态标记来检验这一假设。55个RAPD引物中有22个共扩增出257条带，其中107条带具有多态性。基于RAPD标记的主成分分析（PCA）表明，所研究的穿心莲种质被分为三个不同的组。此外，还注意到两个亲本之间的遗传距离即使有微小增加也会导致它们的杂交亲和性下降。与之不同的是，基于形态学的遗传距离对杂交亲和性没有影响。这一发现表明，尽管马来西亚穿心莲的遗传多样性较低，但使用RAPD标记进行种群预筛选，通过选择遗传距离相近的亲本，将有助于提高坐果率。
