Shore Amy N, Rosen Jeffrey M
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2014 Sep;54:318-30. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.03.012. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
The epithelial cells of the mammary gland develop primarily after birth and undergo surges of hormonally regulated proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis during both puberty and pregnancy. Thus, the mammary gland is a useful model to study fundamental processes of development and adult tissue homeostasis, such as stem and progenitor cell regulation, cell fate commitment, and differentiation. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as prominent regulators of these essential processes, as their extraordinary versatility allows them to modulate gene expression via diverse mechanisms at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Not surprisingly, lncRNAs are also aberrantly expressed in cancer and promote tumorigenesis by disrupting vital cellular functions, such as cell cycle, survival, and migration. In this review, we first broadly summarize the functions of lncRNAs in mammalian development and cancer. Then we focus on what is currently known about the role of lncRNAs in mammary gland development and breast cancer. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: The Non-coding RNA Revolution.
乳腺上皮细胞主要在出生后发育，并在青春期和怀孕期间经历激素调节的增殖、分化和凋亡激增。因此，乳腺是研究发育和成年组织稳态基本过程的有用模型，如干细胞和祖细胞调节、细胞命运决定和分化。长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）正成为这些基本过程的重要调节因子，因为它们的非凡多功能性使它们能够在转录和转录后水平通过多种机制调节基因表达。不出所料，lncRNAs在癌症中也异常表达，并通过破坏重要的细胞功能（如细胞周期、存活和迁移）促进肿瘤发生。在这篇综述中，我们首先广泛总结lncRNAs在哺乳动物发育和癌症中的功能。然后我们关注目前已知的lncRNAs在乳腺发育和乳腺癌中的作用。本文是名为：非编码RNA革命的定向问题的一部分。
