Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Clínic i Universitari, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2014 Jun;14(6):440. doi: 10.1007/s11882-014-0440-x.
The united airway concept in which upper and lower respiratory conditions are present in one patient requires special consideration. There is some evidence linking chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma, but a good understanding of the pathophysiology and combined management is still lacking, a fact that leads to discussion. Bronchial asthma is more prevalent in patients who suffer chronic rhinosinusitis. On the other hand, patients with asthma have a greater prevalence of rhinosinusitis than patients without asthma. The effect of chronic rhinosinusitis in patients with or without nasal polyps on asthma treatment, whether medical or surgical, is controversial. Some studies show worsening, other trials improvement, and others no effect. Direct comparisons between surgical and medical treatments are few. Most of the current literature available about this intriguing combination does not provide a good level of evidence. Thus, randomized clinical trials should be performed to better understand the management when asthma and CRS occur together. This review aims to summarize the current state of this association regarding the effects of different types of treatment.
联合气道概念认为,同一患者同时存在上、下呼吸道疾病,需要特别考虑。有一些证据表明慢性鼻-鼻窦炎与哮喘之间存在关联,但对其病理生理学和联合管理的理解仍不够充分,这也是引发讨论的原因。患有慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的患者更容易患支气管哮喘。另一方面,哮喘患者比非哮喘患者的鼻窦发病率更高。慢性鼻-鼻窦炎对伴有或不伴鼻息肉的哮喘患者的治疗效果(无论是药物治疗还是手术治疗)存在争议。一些研究表明病情恶化,其他试验则表明病情改善,还有一些研究则表明无影响。关于手术和药物治疗的直接比较很少。目前关于这种有趣的联合的大部分文献并没有提供很好的证据水平。因此,应该进行随机临床试验,以更好地了解哮喘和 CRS 同时发生时的管理。本综述旨在总结目前关于不同治疗类型的影响的研究现状。