Loree Amy M, Lundahl Leslie H, Ledgerwood David M
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2015 Mar;34(2):119-34. doi: 10.1111/dar.12132. Epub 2014 Mar 31.
Impulsivity is a widely studied personality trait and research construct that has been implicated as a risk factor for substance use, including initiating and continuing use. However, relatively few studies have examined impulsivity as a predictor of treatment outcome. Because impulsivity has been operationalised in many different ways, cross-comparisons of empirical studies have been difficult.
The PubMed database was searched in September 2013. Reference lists of papers retrieved from this search were also manually scanned for additional resources. Studies were included if they presented data that assessed impulsivity as a predictor of treatment outcomes.
The body of literature reviewed in this paper suggests that higher pretreatment impulsivity, regardless of how it is measured, usually is associated with poorer treatment outcomes. Recent data indicate that some psychosocial and pharmacological treatments may directly impact impulsivity and thus represent an interesting avenue for further research.
Impulsivity appears to be a key predictor of substance use treatment outcomes and warrants more attention in the improvement of treatment outcomes. Suggestions for future research on the role of impulsivity in substance use treatment are provided.
冲动性是一种被广泛研究的人格特质和研究概念，已被认为是物质使用的一个风险因素，包括开始使用和持续使用。然而，相对较少的研究将冲动性作为治疗结果的预测指标进行考察。由于冲动性已通过多种不同方式进行操作化，实证研究的交叉比较一直很困难。
2013年9月检索了PubMed数据库。还手动浏览了从该检索中获取的论文的参考文献列表，以获取更多资源。如果研究呈现了将冲动性作为治疗结果预测指标进行评估的数据，则纳入这些研究。
本文综述的文献表明，无论如何测量，治疗前较高的冲动性通常与较差的治疗结果相关。最近的数据表明，一些心理社会和药物治疗可能直接影响冲动性，因此是一个值得进一步研究的有趣途径。
冲动性似乎是物质使用治疗结果的关键预测指标，在改善治疗结果方面值得更多关注。提供了关于冲动性在物质使用治疗中作用的未来研究建议。
