Staiger Petra K, Dawe Sharon, Richardson Ben, Hall Kate, Kambouropoulos Nicolas
School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
Australian Centre for Child Protection, University of South Australia, Adelaide; School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
Addict Behav. 2014 Nov;39(11):1676-1681. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.05.001. Epub 2014 May 17.
The evidence linking the personality trait of impulsivity and substance misuse is well established. Importantly, impulsivity not only predicts substance misuse problems but has an association with duration in treatment, likelihood of completing treatment and time to relapse. Treatment that focuses on increasing awareness and acceptance of thoughts and emotions may potentially address impulsive behaviour and in this respect improve treatment outcomes for substance misuse. The current paper investigated the relationship between the facet of impulsivity that taps into poor inhibitory control and treatment outcome. In addition, there was a specific focus on ascertaining the impact of an increase in awareness and attentional control measured in 144 adult substance users receiving treatment in a residential therapeutic community. Impulsivity predicted poorer treatment outcome (measured as drug use severity). Increases in awareness and acceptance of emotions and thoughts during treatment were related to better outcome although this was not associated with baseline levels of impulsivity. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
冲动性人格特质与药物滥用之间的关联已得到充分证实。重要的是，冲动性不仅能预测药物滥用问题，还与治疗时长、完成治疗的可能性以及复发时间有关。专注于提高对思想和情绪的意识及接纳度的治疗，可能会解决冲动行为问题，进而改善药物滥用的治疗效果。本文研究了冲动性中反映抑制控制能力差的方面与治疗效果之间的关系。此外，特别关注了在一个住院治疗社区接受治疗的144名成年药物使用者中，意识和注意力控制能力的提高所产生的影响。冲动性预示着较差的治疗效果（以药物使用严重程度衡量）。治疗期间对情绪和思想的意识及接纳度的提高与更好的治疗效果相关，尽管这与冲动性的基线水平无关。文中还讨论了临床和理论意义。
