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单图命名中干扰图片的语义干扰:竞争性词汇选择的证据。

Semantic interference from distractor pictures in single-picture naming: evidence for competitive lexical selection.

作者信息

Jescheniak Jörg D, Matushanskaya Asya, Mädebach Andreas, Müller Matthias M

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Seeburgstrasse 14-20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany,

出版信息

Psychon Bull Rev. 2014 Oct;21(5):1294-300. doi: 10.3758/s13423-014-0606-5.

Abstract

Picture-naming studies have demonstrated interference from semantic-categorically related distractor words, but not from corresponding distractor pictures, and the lack of generality of the interference effect has been argued to challenge theories viewing lexical selection in speech production as a competitive process. Here, we demonstrate that semantic interference from context pictures does become visible, if sufficient attention is allocated to them. We combined picture naming with a spatial-cuing procedure. When participants' attention was shifted to the distractor, semantically related distractor pictures interfered with the response, as compared with unrelated distractor pictures. This finding supports models conceiving lexical retrieval as competitive (Levelt, Roelofs, & Meyer, 1999) but is difficult to reconcile with the response exclusion hypothesis (Finkbeiner & Caramazza, 2006b) proposed as an alternative.

摘要

图片命名研究已经证明,语义范畴相关的干扰词会产生干扰,但相应的干扰图片则不会,而且干扰效应缺乏普遍性这一点被认为对将言语产生中的词汇选择视为竞争过程的理论构成了挑战。在此,我们证明,如果对上下文图片给予足够的关注,来自上下文图片的语义干扰就会变得明显。我们将图片命名与空间线索程序相结合。当参与者的注意力转移到干扰物上时,与不相关的干扰图片相比,语义相关的干扰图片会干扰反应。这一发现支持了将词汇检索视为竞争过程的模型(Levelt、Roelofs和Meyer,1999),但难以与作为替代方案提出的反应排除假说(Finkbeiner和Caramazza,2006b)相协调。

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