Arjmand Shabestari Abbas
Radiology Department, Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran ; Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran, IR Iran.
Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2013 Dec;15(12):e16616. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.16616. Epub 2013 Dec 5.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the foremost cause of death in many countries and hence, its early diagnosis is usually concerned as a major healthcare priority. Coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) using either electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) or multislice computed tomography (MSCT) has been applied for more than 20 years to provide an early CAD diagnosis in clinical routine practice. Moreover, its association with other body organs has been a matter of vast research.
In this review article, techniques of CACS using EBCT and MSCT scanners as well as clinical and research indications of CACS are searched from PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar and Scopus databases in a time period between late 1970s through July 2013 and following appropriate selection, dealt with. Moreover, the previous and ongoing research subjects and their results are discussed.
The CACS is vastly applied in early detection of CAD and in many other research fields.
CACS has remarkably changed the screening techniques to detect CAD earlier than before and is generally accepted as a standard of reference for determination of risk of further cardiac events.
冠状动脉疾病（CAD）是许多国家首要的死亡原因，因此，其早期诊断通常被视为主要的医疗保健重点。使用电子束计算机断层扫描（EBCT）或多层螺旋计算机断层扫描（MSCT）进行冠状动脉钙化评分（CACS）已应用20多年，用于在临床常规实践中进行CAD的早期诊断。此外，其与其他身体器官的关联一直是大量研究的主题。
在这篇综述文章中，从PubMed、科学网（ISI Web of Science）、谷歌学术和Scopus数据库中检索了使用EBCT和MSCT扫描仪进行CACS的技术以及CACS的临床和研究适应症，检索时间段为20世纪70年代末至2013年7月，经过适当筛选后进行处理。此外，还讨论了先前和正在进行的研究主题及其结果。
CACS在CAD的早期检测以及许多其他研究领域中得到广泛应用。
CACS显著改变了筛查技术，能够比以前更早地检测出CAD，并且通常被接受为确定进一步心脏事件风险的参考标准。
