Eaton Asia A, Matamala Alejandra
Department of Psychology, Florida International University, DM 208, Miami, FL, 33199, USA,
Arch Sex Behav. 2014 Oct;43(7):1443-57. doi: 10.1007/s10508-014-0284-4. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
Heteronormative standards for sex and romance situate men and women in a hierarchical relationship that characterizes masculinity as active and persistent and femininity as passive and responsive to male sexuality. Individuals who endorse heteronormative beliefs, such as the belief that men should dominate women sexually or that men are always ready for sex, may therefore be more approving of and experienced with behaviors that involve one partner exerting sexual pressure on the other. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between the endorsement of heteronormative beliefs and men's and women's approval of and experience with verbal sexual coercion (both as a perpetrator and as a victim). We first established a gender-neutral higher-order construct representing heteronormative beliefs consisting of multiple measures of gender norms for sexuality and relationships in a sample of 555 heterosexual college students (292 women, 263 men) primarily of Hispanic origin. We next found that endorsement of heteronormative beliefs was positively correlated with personal acceptance of verbal sexual coercion strategies and personal experience as the victim and perpetrator of verbal sexual coercion for both men and women. While men reported more overall support for heteronormative beliefs and more experience as a victim and perpetrator of verbal sexual coercion, there were minimal gender differences in how heteronormative beliefs related to verbal sexual coercion variables. The positive association found between heteronormative beliefs and sexual coercion in young men's and women's relationships represents an important step towards better understanding the antecedents and consequences of intimate partner violence.
性与浪漫的异性恋规范标准将男性和女性置于一种等级关系中，这种关系将男性气质描述为主动和持久，而将女性气质描述为被动并对男性性行为作出回应。因此，认同异性恋规范观念的个体，比如认为男性在性方面应主导女性或男性总是准备好进行性行为的观念，可能会更赞同并经历涉及一方对另一方施加性压力的行为。在本研究中，我们调查了异性恋规范观念的认同与男性和女性对言语性强迫（作为实施者和受害者）的赞同及经历之间的关系。我们首先在一个主要为西班牙裔的555名异性恋大学生样本（292名女性，263名男性）中，建立了一个代表异性恋规范观念的性别中立高阶结构，该结构由多个关于性与关系的性别规范测量指标组成。接下来我们发现，对于男性和女性而言，异性恋规范观念的认同与对言语性强迫策略的个人接受度以及作为言语性强迫的受害者和实施者的个人经历呈正相关。虽然男性报告对异性恋规范观念的总体支持更多，并且作为言语性强迫的受害者和实施者的经历更多，但在异性恋规范观念与言语性强迫变量的关联方式上，性别差异极小。在年轻男性和女性关系中发现的异性恋规范观念与性强迫之间的正相关，代表了朝着更好地理解亲密伴侣暴力的前因后果迈出的重要一步。
