Norwegian Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Mental Health Trust, pb. 2136, 3103 Tønsberg, Norway.
Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Oslo, Postboks 4, St. Olavs plass, 0130 Oslo, Norway; Oslo University Hospital, Geriatric Medicine, Pb 4956, Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2014 Jul-Aug;59(1):25-31. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2014.03.002. Epub 2014 Mar 15.
Recruitment and retention of participants in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) drawn from the older population is challenging, and studies have shown that poor recruitment and retention may lead to biased samples and results. Several strategies to improve the participation of older adults in research are outlined in the literature. The objective was to identify factors associated with participation in an RCT aiming at preventing depressive symptoms and social isolation in a later phase following a stroke, in an older population living in their homes. Strategies to improve participation were applied in the RCT "Lifestyle intervention for older adults in rehabilitation after stroke: development, implementation and evaluation". Quantitative data collected on participants (n=99) and non-participants (n=56) in the trial were compared using statistical analyses. The findings are in line with earlier studies in that the participants were younger (p=0.01) and received less help in the home (p=0.01) than did non-participants. The results differ from earlier studies in that participants had a higher rate of depressive symptoms (participation rate was 57% with HAD depression scale score 0-2, 61% with score 3-4, 62% with score 5-6 and 79% with a score 7 or above). The findings also illustrate a poorer health-related quality of life among the participants in the role physical domain on Short Form-36 (p=0.01). The results indicate that the use of targeted strategies to enhance participation may lead to a less biased sample as well as the inclusion of more subjects who seem to meet the aims of the intervention.
招募和保留来自老年人群体的随机对照试验（RCT）参与者具有挑战性，研究表明，招募和保留不佳可能导致样本偏差和结果偏差。文献中概述了几种提高老年人参与研究的策略。本研究旨在确定与参与一项 RCT 相关的因素，该 RCT 旨在预防中风后晚期阶段的抑郁症状和社会隔离，研究对象为居住在自己家中的老年人群体。在 RCT“中风后康复中老年人生活方式干预：开发、实施和评估”中应用了提高参与度的策略。使用统计分析比较了试验中的参与者（n=99）和非参与者（n=56）的定量数据。研究结果与早期研究一致，即参与者更年轻（p=0.01），在家中获得的帮助更少（p=0.01）。研究结果与早期研究不同，参与者的抑郁症状发生率更高（HAD 抑郁量表评分 0-2 的参与率为 57%，评分 3-4 的为 61%，评分 5-6 的为 62%，评分 7 或以上的为 79%）。研究结果还表明，参与者在健康相关生活质量的身体角色领域的短期形式 36 分（p=0.01）较差。研究结果表明，使用有针对性的策略来提高参与度可能会导致样本偏差更小，并纳入更多似乎符合干预目标的受试者。
