Smith Alesha, Latter Sue, Blenkinsopp Alison
School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
J Adv Nurs. 2014 Nov;70(11):2506-17. doi: 10.1111/jan.12392. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
To determine the adequacy of initial nurse independent prescribing education and identify continuing professional development and clinical governance strategies in place for non-medical prescribing.
In 2006, new legislation in England enabled nurses with an independent prescribing qualification to prescribe, within their competence. In 2006, non-medical prescribing policies released by the Department of Health outlined the recommendations for education, continuing professional development and governance of non-medical prescribing; however, there was no evidence on a national scale about the extent of implementation and effectiveness of these strategies.
National surveys of: (i) nurse independent prescribers; and (ii) non-medical prescribing leaders in England.
Questionnaire surveys (August 2008-February 2009) covering educational preparation, prescribing practice (nurse independent prescribers) and structures/processes for support and governance (non-medical prescribing leaders).
Response rates were 65% (976 prescribers) and 52% (87 leaders). Most nurses felt their prescribing course met their learning needs and stated course outcomes and that they had adequate development and support for prescribing to maintain patient safety. Some types of community nurse prescribers had less access to support and development. The prescribing leaders reported lacking systems to ensure continuity of non-medical prescribing and monitoring patient experience.
Educational programmes of preparation for nurse prescribing were reported to be operating satisfactorily and providing fit-for-purpose preparation for the expansion to the scope of nurse independent prescribing. Most clinical governance and risk management strategies for prescribing were in place in primary and secondary care.
确定初始护士独立处方教育是否充分，并确定针对非医疗处方的持续专业发展和临床治理策略。
2006年，英国的新立法使具有独立处方资格的护士能够在其能力范围内开处方。2006年，卫生部发布的非医疗处方政策概述了非医疗处方教育、持续专业发展和治理的建议；然而，在全国范围内没有证据表明这些策略的实施程度和有效性。
对以下两方面进行全国性调查：（i）护士独立处方者；（ii）英国的非医疗处方负责人。
问卷调查（2008年8月至2009年2月），内容涵盖教育准备、处方实践（护士独立处方者）以及支持和治理的结构/流程（非医疗处方负责人）。
回复率分别为65%（976名处方者）和52%（87名负责人）。大多数护士认为他们的处方课程满足了他们的学习需求，并说明了课程成果，而且他们在处方方面有足够的发展和支持以确保患者安全。某些类型的社区护士处方者获得支持和发展的机会较少。处方负责人报告称缺乏确保非医疗处方连续性和监测患者体验的系统。
据报告，护士处方准备教育计划运行良好，为扩大护士独立处方范围提供了符合目的的准备。初级和二级护理中大多数处方的临床治理和风险管理策略已经到位。
