MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014 Apr 4;63(13):285-91.
In 2008, the 46 member states of the World Health Organization (WHO) African Region (AFR) adopted a measles preelimination goal to reach by the end of 2012 with the following targets: 1) >98% reduction in estimated regional measles mortality compared with 2000, 2) annual measles incidence of fewer than five reported cases per million population nationally, 3) >90% national first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) coverage and >80% MCV1 coverage in all districts, and 4) >95% MCV coverage in all districts by supplementary immunization activities (SIAs). Surveillance performance objectives were to report two or more cases of nonmeasles febrile rash illness per 100,000 population, one or more suspected measles cases investigated with blood specimens in ≥80% of districts, and 100% completeness of surveillance reporting from all districts. This report updates previous reports and describes progress toward the measles preelimination goal during 2011-2012. In 2012, 13 (28%) member states had >90% MCV1 coverage, and three (7%) reported >90% MCV1 coverage nationally and >80% coverage in all districts. During 2011-2012, four (15%) of 27 SIAs with available information met the target of >95% coverage in all districts. In 2012, 16 of 43 (37%) member states met the incidence target of fewer than five cases per million, and 19 of 43 (44%) met both surveillance performance targets. In 2011, the WHO Regional Committee for AFR established a goal to achieve measles elimination by 2020. To achieve this goal, intensified efforts to identify and close population immunity gaps and improve surveillance quality are needed, as well as committed leadership and ownership of the measles elimination activities and mobilization of adequate resources to complement funding from global partners.
2008 年，世界卫生组织（世卫组织）非洲区域（AFR）的 46 个成员国通过了麻疹消除前目标，计划于 2012 年底实现以下目标：1）与 2000 年相比，区域麻疹死亡率降低 98%；2）全国麻疹发病率每百万人口少于 5 例；3）麻疹疫苗 1 剂（MCV1）覆盖率达到 90%以上，所有地区覆盖率达到 80%以上；4）通过补充免疫活动（SIAs），所有地区 MCV 覆盖率达到 95%以上。监测绩效目标是报告每 10 万人中有 2 例或更多非麻疹发热皮疹病例，在 80%以上的地区对 1 例或更多疑似麻疹病例进行血液标本调查，以及所有地区 100%完成监测报告。本报告更新了以往的报告，并描述了 2011-2012 年期间实现麻疹消除前目标的进展情况。2012 年，有 13 个（28%）成员国的 MCV1 覆盖率达到 90%以上，有 3 个（7%）成员国报告全国 MCV1 覆盖率达到 90%以上，所有地区覆盖率达到 80%以上。在 2011-2012 年期间，有 4 次（15%）信息可获得的补充免疫活动达到了所有地区覆盖率达到 95%以上的目标。2012 年，43 个成员国中有 16 个（37%）达到了每百万人口少于 5 例的发病率目标，有 19 个（44%）达到了两个监测绩效目标。2011 年，世卫组织非洲区域委员会确定了到 2020 年实现麻疹消除的目标。为实现这一目标，需要加强努力，发现和弥补人群免疫差距，提高监测质量，并对麻疹消除活动进行承诺的领导和拥有，并调动足够的资源来补充全球伙伴的资金。
