Pan Jun J, Chang Jian, Yang Xiaosong, Liang Hui, Zhang Jian J, Qureshi Tahseen, Howell Robert, Hickish Tamas
State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
National Centre for Computer Animation, Media School, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK.
Int J Med Robot. 2015 Jun;11(2):194-209. doi: 10.1002/rcs.1582. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
Virtual-reality (VR) based simulation techniques offer an efficient and low cost alternative to conventional surgery training. This article describes a VR training and assessment system in laparoscopic rectum surgery.
To give a realistic visual performance of interaction between membrane tissue and surgery tools, a generalized cylinder based collision detection and a multi-layer mass-spring model are presented. A dynamic assessment model is also designed for hierarchy training evaluation.
With this simulator, trainees can operate on the virtual rectum with both visual and haptic sensation feedback simultaneously. The system also offers surgeons instructions in real time when improper manipulation happens. The simulator has been tested and evaluated by ten subjects.
This prototype system has been verified by colorectal surgeons through a pilot study. They believe the visual performance and the tactile feedback are realistic. It exhibits the potential to effectively improve the surgical skills of trainee surgeons and significantly shorten their learning curve.
基于虚拟现实（VR）的模拟技术为传统外科手术培训提供了一种高效且低成本的替代方案。本文介绍了一种用于腹腔镜直肠手术的VR训练与评估系统。
为了实现膜组织与手术工具之间交互的逼真视觉表现，提出了基于广义圆柱的碰撞检测和多层质量弹簧模型。还设计了一个动态评估模型用于分层训练评估。
借助该模拟器，学员可以在虚拟直肠上同时进行视觉和触觉反馈操作。当发生不当操作时，系统还会实时为外科医生提供指导。该模拟器已由十名受试者进行了测试和评估。
该原型系统已通过一项初步研究得到结直肠外科医生的验证。他们认为视觉表现和触觉反馈都很逼真。它具有有效提高实习外科医生手术技能并显著缩短其学习曲线的潜力。
