Roy Sanchita, Gupta Avanish, Nanrah Baljit Kaur, Verma Minakshi, Saha Ritaban
Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, IPGME&R , Kolkata, India .
Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, IPGME&R . Kolkata, India .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Feb;8(2):7-9. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/7602.3991. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
The left coronary artery shows a wide range of morphological variations which has great clinical importance. Difficulties may occur during performance of diagnostic procedures, especially in patients who undergo evaluation of percutaneous coronary interventions or during coronary artery surgeries or prosthetic valve replacements. Even, it has been found that short length of main left coronary artery was one of the congenital factors which predisposed to the development of coronary artery disease. The aim of this work was to determine the variations in the origin, length and divisions of the left coronary artery trunk in the eastern region population of India.
The present study was carried out on 100 heart samples which were collected from a mixed race population group from West Bengal, India, after preserving them in 10% formalin solution. While carefully maintaining all standard precautions, scientifically well-planned cadaveric dissections were done and variations were noted.
It was found that in all specimens, left coronary artery arose from single ostia at the left posterior aortic sinus. In about 65% cases, ostia was below or at the sinotubular junction (STJ) and in a significant number (35%) of cases, it is above the level of STJ. The mean length of the left coronary artery trunk was found to be 11.42 ± 4.98 mm. LMCA were bifurcated in 56% cases, they were trifurcated in 40% cases and they were tetrafurcated in 2% cases. The results were compared with those of other studies, which showed considerable variations.
Thus, this morphometric study done on left coronary artery trunk in the eastern Indian population will be helpful for interventional cardiologists and radiologists for avoiding inadvertent vascular trauma during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
左冠状动脉显示出广泛的形态变异，这具有重要的临床意义。在进行诊断程序时可能会遇到困难，尤其是在接受经皮冠状动脉介入评估的患者中，或在冠状动脉手术或人工瓣膜置换期间。甚至，已发现左冠状动脉主干长度较短是易患冠状动脉疾病的先天性因素之一。这项工作的目的是确定印度东部地区人群左冠状动脉主干的起源、长度和分支的变异情况。
本研究对100个心脏样本进行，这些样本取自印度西孟加拉邦的一个混合种族人群组，保存在10%甲醛溶液中。在仔细遵循所有标准预防措施的同时，进行了科学规划的尸体解剖并记录变异情况。
发现在所有标本中，左冠状动脉起源于左后主动脉窦的单个开口。在约65%的病例中，开口位于窦管交界处（STJ）下方或处，在相当数量（35%）的病例中，开口高于STJ水平。左冠状动脉主干的平均长度为11.42±4.98毫米。左主干冠状动脉在56%的病例中为双分支，在40%的病例中为三分支，在2%的病例中为四分支。将结果与其他研究的结果进行比较，显示出相当大的差异。
因此，对印度东部人群左冠状动脉主干进行的这项形态测量研究将有助于介入心脏病学家和放射科医生在诊断和治疗程序中避免意外的血管损伤。
