大学员工中代谢综合征（MS）及其组分患病率在年龄、性别和职业方面的差异
Disparities in the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and its Components Among University Employees by Age, Gender and Occupation.
作者信息
Cheserek Maureen Jepkorir, Wu Gui-Rong, Shen Li-Ye, Shi Yong-Hui, Le Guo-Wei
机构信息
Faculty, Molecular and Applied Nutrition Laboratory, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu, China and Lecturer, Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya .
PG Student, Molecular and Applied Nutrition Laboratory, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu, China .
出版信息
J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Feb;8(2):65-9. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/6515.4010. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
BACKGROUND
Metabolic Syndrome (MS), a known risk factor for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and type II diabetes is an emerging epidemic in China. Studies carried out on the general population indicate a varied clustering of cardiovascular risks in many parts of the country. However, there is limited data on its prevalence in the working population. Workplace can serve as an important place for prevention, control and management of CVD risks. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of MS and its components among University workers, and determine how the prevalence varied according to sex and occupation.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study of 2,428 University employees (22-60 years) who received an annual clinical examination at the University hospital. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and lipid profiles were measured. MS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment panel III modified criteria.
RESULTS
Overall prevalence of MS was 6.1%, higher in males (5.1%) than females (1.1%), and increased with age. The most prevalent MS components in all workers were hypertension (37.9%) and hypertryglyceridemia (20.8%), corresponding rates in males were 28.3% and 16.1% while females had a prevalence of 9.6% and 4.7%. After adjustment for age, administrative work was associated (p<0.05) with increased hypertension (odds ratio (OR) =1.474; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.146-1.896) and hyperglycemia (OR=1.469; 95% CI, 1.082-1.993) in male workers, and with hypertension (OR=1.492; 95% CI, 1.071-2.080) in females. However, prevalence of hypertryglyceridemia was lower (OR=0.390; 95% CI, 0.204-0.746) in female administrators compared to those in academics. Obesity, MS and reduced High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol prevalence was not different (p>0.05) between the two occupations in both sexes.
CONCLUSIONS
Prevalence of MS and its components was higher in male workers than in females, increased with age, and were more common in administrative workers. The findings support the need for gender and occupation specific health interventions to prevent CVDs and type II diabetes in the workplace.
背景
代谢综合征（MS）是心血管疾病（CVD）和II型糖尿病的已知危险因素，在中国正成为一种新的流行病。对普通人群进行的研究表明，该国许多地区心血管风险存在不同程度的聚集。然而，关于其在在职人群中的患病率的数据有限。工作场所可作为预防、控制和管理心血管疾病风险的重要场所。本研究的目的是调查大学工作人员中MS及其各组成部分的患病率，并确定患病率如何随性别和职业而变化。
方法
这是一项对2428名大学员工（22 - 60岁）的横断面研究，这些员工在大学医院接受年度临床检查。测量了人体测量指标、血压、空腹血糖（FPG）和血脂谱。MS根据美国国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组III修订标准进行定义。
结果
MS的总体患病率为6.1%，男性（5.1%）高于女性（1.1%），且随年龄增加而升高。所有工作人员中最常见的MS组成部分是高血压（37.9%）和高甘油三酯血症（20.8%），男性的相应患病率分别为28.3%和16.1%，而女性的患病率分别为9.6%和4.7%。在调整年龄后，行政工作与男性工作人员高血压（优势比（OR）=1.474；95%置信区间（CI），1.146 - 1.896）和高血糖（OR = 1.469；95% CI，1.082 - 1.993）增加相关（p < 0.05），与女性高血压（OR = 1.492；95% CI，1.071 - 2.080）相关。然而，与学术人员相比，女性行政人员高甘油三酯血症的患病率较低（OR = 0.390；95% CI，0.204 - 0.746）。肥胖、MS以及高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇降低的患病率在男女两性的两种职业之间没有差异（p > 0.05）。
结论
MS及其组成部分在男性工作人员中的患病率高于女性，随年龄增加而升高，且在行政人员中更为常见。这些发现支持需要针对性别和职业的特定健康干预措施，以预防工作场所的心血管疾病和II型糖尿病。
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