Servicio de Infectología Pediátrica, Hospital Nacional de Niños "Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera," Centro de Ciencias Médicas, PO Box 1654-1000, Avenida Paseo Colón, San José, Costa Rica.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2014 Jun;13(6):687-90. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2014.905747. Epub 2014 Apr 7.
Rotavirus is the leading cause of acute diarrhea in children younger than five years of age around the world. Severe dehydration and mortality rates are higher in developing countries, especially those from Latin America, Africa, and Asia. The vaccine has been introduced in the national immunization programs of more than half of Latin American countries, and impact data from some of these nations has been already published. The two rotavirus vaccines, the 2-dose monovalent (RV-1) and the 3-dose pentavalent (RV-5) vaccine, have been available in the market to all Central American countries. Rotavirus vaccine has been universally introduced in the expanded immunization national programs of Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Panama, but not in Belize and Costa Rica. This review summarizes what has been published about the epidemiology and impact of universal rotavirus vaccination in Central America.
轮状病毒是全世界导致 5 岁以下儿童急性腹泻的主要原因。在发展中国家，特别是拉丁美洲、非洲和亚洲的发展中国家，严重脱水和死亡率更高。该疫苗已被纳入拉丁美洲半数以上国家的国家免疫规划，其中一些国家的影响数据已经公布。两种轮状病毒疫苗，2 剂单价疫苗（RV-1）和 3 剂五价疫苗（RV-5）已在中美洲所有国家上市。轮状病毒疫苗已在危地马拉、洪都拉斯、萨尔瓦多、尼加拉瓜和巴拿马的扩大免疫国家规划中普遍使用，但伯利兹和哥斯达黎加没有使用。这篇综述总结了关于轮状病毒疫苗在中美洲的流行病学和影响的已发表内容。
