甲壳动物中的基因沉默：从基础研究到生物技术。
Gene silencing in crustaceans: from basic research to biotechnologies.
机构信息
Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University, P.O. Box 653, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.
Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, GeneCology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, 4 Locked Bag, Maroochydore, Queensland 4558, Australia.
出版信息
Genes (Basel). 2013 Nov 7;4(4):620-45. doi: 10.3390/genes4040620.
Abstract
Gene silencing through RNA interference (RNAi) is gaining momentum for crustaceans, both in basic research and for commercial development. RNAi has proven instrumental in a growing number of crustacean species, revealing the functionality of novel crustacean genes essential among others to development, growth, metabolism and reproduction. Extensive studies have also been done on silencing of viral transcripts in crustaceans, contributing to the understanding of the defense mechanisms of crustaceans and strategies employed by viruses to overcome these. The first practical use of gene silencing in aquaculture industry has been recently achieved, through manipulation of a crustacean insulin-like androgenic gland hormone. This review summarizes the advancements in the use of RNAi in crustaceans, and assesses the advantages of this method, as well as the current hurdles that hinder its large-scale practice.
摘要
通过 RNA 干扰（RNAi）进行基因沉默在甲壳动物中越来越受到重视，无论是在基础研究还是商业开发方面。RNAi 已被证明在越来越多的甲壳动物物种中具有重要作用，揭示了新的甲壳动物基因的功能，这些基因对发育、生长、代谢和繁殖至关重要。此外，还对甲壳动物中病毒转录本的沉默进行了广泛的研究，有助于了解甲壳动物的防御机制以及病毒用来克服这些机制的策略。最近，通过操纵甲壳动物胰岛素样雄激素腺激素，在水产养殖业中首次实现了基因沉默的实际应用。本文综述了 RNAi 在甲壳动物中的应用进展，并评估了该方法的优势，以及目前阻碍其大规模应用的障碍。
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