Giussani Augusto, Risica Serena
Department of Radiation Protection and Health, BfS-Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany.
J Radiol Prot. 2014 Jun;34(2):N19-30. doi: 10.1088/0952-4746/34/2/N19. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
A recent work has shown that the current ICRP biokinetic model for the transfer of caesium radionuclides from food to human breast milk was able to describe with satisfactory accuracy (137)Cs activity concentrations in human breast samples collected a few weeks after the Chernobyl accident as well as in samples collected some years later. However, systematic discrepancies were observed for the predictions of the activity concentrations in urine samples. In the present work, modifications to the model were investigated with the aim of improving the agreement between model predictions and data. It turned out that the disagreement for the urine data was ascribable to the mathematical simplifications used by the ICRP to describe urinary excretion in the first few days after delivery. However, the predictive performances of the model remained unchanged even when differences in the bioavailability of caesium from the ingested food types were considered or metabolic interactions between caesium and potassium were introduced into the model formulation.
最近的一项研究表明，国际放射防护委员会（ICRP）目前关于铯放射性核素从食物转移至人母乳的生物动力学模型，能够以令人满意的准确度描述切尔诺贝利事故几周后采集的人类母乳样本以及几年后采集的样本中¹³⁷Cs的活度浓度。然而，在尿样活度浓度预测方面观察到了系统性差异。在本研究中，对该模型进行了修改研究，目的是提高模型预测与数据之间的一致性。结果表明，尿样数据的不一致归因于ICRP在描述分娩后头几天尿液排泄时所采用的数学简化。然而，即使考虑了摄入食物类型中铯生物利用率的差异，或者将铯与钾之间的代谢相互作用引入模型公式，该模型的预测性能仍保持不变。
