Assem E S, Ghanem N S, Abdullah N A, Repke H, Foreman J C, Hayes N A
Department of Pharmacology, University College London, U.K.
Immunopharmacology. 1989 Mar-Apr;17(2):119-28. doi: 10.1016/0162-3109(89)90057-x.
Histamine was released from mast cells in isolated perfused heart and kidney of the rat, but not from mast cells in guinea-pig tissues, by a substance P (SP) analogue (SP(1-4)-NH-C12H25), SP(1-4)-C12 for abbreviation. This peptide also released histamine from peritoneal mast cells and basophil leucocytes of the rat. Substance P itself was compared with SP(1-4)-C12 and some structurally related peptides and showed weaker activity. SP(1-4)-C12 also released leukotrienes C4, D4, E4 and thromboxane B2 from rat heart. However, there was little effect on heart rate and force of contraction and no effect on perfusion pressure (vascular resistance) of either rat heart or kidney. The findings demonstrate the structural requirements for histamine release by SP (a possible mediator of 'neurogenic' inflammation), the metabolic energy-dependence of the release process and the functional heterogeneity and interspecies differences in mast cell populations.
一种P物质（SP）类似物（SP(1-4)-NH-C12H25，简称为SP(1-4)-C12）可使大鼠离体灌流心脏和肾脏中的肥大细胞释放组胺，但不能使豚鼠组织中的肥大细胞释放组胺。该肽还能使大鼠腹膜肥大细胞和嗜碱性白细胞释放组胺。将P物质本身与SP(1-4)-C12及一些结构相关的肽进行比较，发现P物质的活性较弱。SP(1-4)-C12还能使大鼠心脏释放白三烯C4、D4、E4和血栓素B2。然而，它对心率和收缩力几乎没有影响，对大鼠心脏或肾脏的灌注压力（血管阻力）也没有影响。这些发现证明了SP释放组胺的结构要求（“神经源性”炎症的一种可能介质）、释放过程对代谢能量的依赖性以及肥大细胞群体的功能异质性和种间差异。
